Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
child / adult is more tolerant to fluid-lyte-pH changes?
|
adult more tolerant
|
|
|
maintenance fluids calculation
|
100 = 1st 10 lbs
50 = 2nd 10 lbs 25 = each additional lb. |
|
|
polyuria + dehydration
ddx? |
1.DM
2.diabetes insipidus 3.renal tubular acidosis |
|
|
most common type of dehydration
|
isotonic
|
|
|
hypotonic dehydration: [Na+] < x
|
130
|
|
|
hypertonic dehydration: [Na+] > x
|
150
|
|
|
who looks more dehydrated:
hyponatremic / hypernatremic? |
hyponatremic
|
|
|
BUN:Cr > 20 = ?
|
prerenal failure
|
|
|
ORT: how do you give?
|
over 24 hrs.
50% in first 8 hrs 50% in 16 hrs exception: hypernatremic pt -> 48-72 hrs |
|
|
T/F: replacement & maintenance fluid should be K+ free until pt urinates
|
true
|
|
|
severity of hyponatremia: depends on...
|
1.sodium level
2.rate of change |
|
|
correction of Na+ in setting of hyperglycemia
|
+ 1.6 [Na+] for every 100 mg/dl glucose above nl
|
|
|
hyponatremia: causes
|
1.dehydration
2.SIADH 3.water intoxication 4.renal failure 5.CHF 6.adrenal insufficiency |
|
|
hyperkalemia = [K+] > x
|
5.8 mEq/L
|
|
|
most common cause of hyperkalemia
|
hemolysis of RBCs
|
|
|
hyperkalemia: ECG change progression
|
1.peaked t-waves
2.long PR 3.wide QRS 4.absent p wave (sinusoidal wave) |
|
|
[K+] > 9: leads to..
|
1.v-fib
2.cardiac arrest |
|
|
hyperkalemia: 1st tx
|
calcium gluconate (stabilize heart)
|
|
|
hypokalemia: causes
|
1.vomiting
2.loop diuretics (furosemide) 3.dka |
|
|
metabolic acidosis: most consistent clinical finding
|
hyperpnea
|
