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68 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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associated with studies in programmed learning, shortly after WWII; deals with objectives and goals
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Vannevar Bush
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wrote an article about a photoelectrical-mechanical device called Memex, which could make and follow links between documents on microfiche
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Vannecar Bush
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time period where hyperlinks were first sighted
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1941-45
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ARPA
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Advanced Research Projects Agency
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protoypes the NLS that does hypertext browsing, editing, email, etc.
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Doug Engelbart
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invents the mouse for the purpose of using NLS
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Doug Engelbart
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NLS
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oNLine System
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coined the terms hypertext and hypermedia in his writing
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Ted Nelson
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envisioned a computer-based system that was platform independent, universal, and multi-protocol
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Ted Nelson
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worked at CERN where he wrote a program to link between arbitrary nodes
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Timonthy-Berners Lee
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CERN
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European Organization for Nuclear Research
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wrote a proposal for a hypertext communications system ("Information Management: A Proposal")
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Timony-Berners Lee
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developed a hypertext system on the now defunt NextStep development environment, titled "WorldWideWeb"
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Timony-Berners Lee
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developed Mosaic for X Windows - the first browser 0 which was released to the public in 1993
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Marc Andreeseen
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created Mosaic Communications Corp, which eventually became Netscape Communications Corp.
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Marc Andreeseen
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the first W3C meeting was helf in December of _____.
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1994
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advantages of the web
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global, universal, time-independent, dynamic, real-time information resource
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disadvantages of the web
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connection/access, cost for access and space/services, speed/bandwidth, technology/compatibility, content/author validity, universality
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a set of rules for data transfer and communication
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protocol
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HTTP
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hypertext transfer protocol
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FTP
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file transfer protocol
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the web is composed of what 2 protocols?
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transmission control protocol (TCP) and internet protocol (IP)
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IP
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internet protocol
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TCP
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transmission control protocol
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scheme where a single IP address can be used to disgnate many unique IP addresses
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classless inter-domain routing (CIDR)
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classless inter-domain routing (CIDR) is also called _____.
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supernetting
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IP addresses and domain names are linked together in "master computers" called ______.
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domain name servers (DNS servers)
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URL
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universal resource locators
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what does a browser do? (5 main points)
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looks up the server, requests data, sends content, content is received, rendering of content
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3 types of HTML are based on...?
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strict DTD, transitional DTD, frameset DTD
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keywords that identify content in a document as of a particular type
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tags
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tags have optional settings, called _____ that can be defined for them
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attributes
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XHTML is case sensitive... true or false
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true
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all attribute values should be quoted... true or false
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true
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special characters must be entered using _____.
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escape sequences
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type of tags required in every document; they define the sections of an html document
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structural tags
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tags that can be used in the <head></head> section
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head tags
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tags designed to format blocks of text
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block-level tags
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tags designed to format words or phrases
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text-level tags
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text-level tags that are descriptive, as opposed to formatting-orientated
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logical text tags
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text-level tags that deal with strict formatting
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physical text tags
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tags predominantly used with CSS; has no visual effect on elements
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invisible tags
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tags often unclosed and are designed to do special things
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empty/standalone tags
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tag rules...
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can only be one root element, elements must be properly nested, all tags must be closed, all single tag elements must be closed, all values must be in quotes, all elements and attributes must be lower case and are case sensitive, attribute minimization is forbidden
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2 biggest visual design issues
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resolution, color depth
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biggest technical issue with browsers
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bandwidth
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the amount of data that can be transmitted in a fixed amount of time
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bandwidth
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2 issues with resolution
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screen resolution setting, area consumed by the browser's chrome
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the physical pixel size of the signal output from the video card
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screen resolution
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predominance of images on the web are ____.
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raster
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3 attributes of raster graphics
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resolution, color depth, file size
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number of bits available for describing a single pixel
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color depth
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number of pixels per inch in an image
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resolution
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16-bit has _____ colors
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64,000
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8-bit has _____ colors
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256
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24-bit has ______ colors
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16.7 million
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32-bit has _____ colors
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4.29 billion colors (true color)
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index color or palletized color
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8-bit
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calculation for file size
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((resolution^2) * width * height * bit depth) / 8,192
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links to other servers
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extrasite links
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links to internal documents on current server
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intrasite links
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links to places in the current documents; aka fragments
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intra-document links
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default target where link opens in a new window in front of current
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_blank
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default target where link opens in topmost window that contains current window frame
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_top
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default target where link opens in the current window frame
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_self
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default target where link opens in the window frame that contains the current window frame
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_parent
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type of image map where the definition of the "hot spots" and their associated links are defined in the HTML code using <map> and <area>; interpreted by the client
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client-side
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type of image map where the definition of the "hot spots" and their associated links are defined by an external .map file
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server-side
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