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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
1. Lactovegetarian?
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a. Diet devoid of animal products but includes milk.
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2. Ovovegetarian?
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a. Diet devoid of animal products but includes eggs.
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3. Vegan?
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a. Devoid of all animal products.
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4. What is Goat’s milk low in?
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a. Vit D
b. Iron c. Folate and B12 (megaloblastic) d. Infant’s receiving goat’s milk need to be given folate, B12, and iron. |
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5. What zoonotic condition are goat’s particularly susceptible to (goat’s milk is boiled before ingestion)?
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a. Brucellosis.
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6. Ideal human infant food?
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a. Breast milk.
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7. What 2 things is breast milk low in?
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a. Vit D and fluoride.
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8. What, in breast milk, inhibits E. coli growth?
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a. Macrophages.
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9. Disadvantages to breast milk?
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a. HIV and other viral transmission
b. Jaundice exacerbation due to increased unconjugated bilirubinemia levels (resolved w/12-24 hour breast-feeding interruption) and its association w/low vit K levels, contributing to haemorrhagic disease of the newborn (prevented by vit K administration at birth). |
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10. What vitamin are breast-feeding VEGAN mothers given?
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a. B12, to prevent the infant’s developing methylmalonic acidemia (an AA metabolism disorder involving a defect in the conversion of methylmalonyl-CoA to succinyl-CoA).
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11. Presentation of methylmalonic acidemia?
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a. Failure to thrive
b. Seizure c. Encephalopathy d. Stroke or other neurologic manifestation. |
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12. Supplements for vegan toddlers?
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a. Given B12 and bc of high fibre content and rapid GI transit time, are given trace minerals that can be depleted.
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13. Vit A deficiency?
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a. Night blindness
b. Xerophthalmia c. Keratomalacia d. Conjunctivitis e. Poor growth f. Impaired resistance to infection g. Abnormal tooth development |
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14. Vit A excess?
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a. ↑’d ICP
b. Anorexia c. Carotenemia d. Hyperostosis (pain and swelling of long bones) e. Alopecia f. Hepatomegaly g. Poor growth |
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15. Vit D deficiency?
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a. Rickets (w/elevated serum phosphatase levels appearing before bone deformities)
b. Osteomalacia c. Infantile tetany |
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16. Vit D excess?
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a. Hypercalcemia
b. Azotemia c. Poor growth d. N/V e. Diarrhea f. Calcinosis of a variety of tissues including kidney, heart, bronchi, and stomach. |
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17. Vit E Deficiency?
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a. Haemolytic anaemia in premature infants
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19. Ascorbic acid (Vit C) Deficiency?
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a. Scurvy and poor wound healing
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20. Ascorbic acid (Vit C) Excess?
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a. May predispose to kidney stones
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21. Thiamine (B1) Deficiency?
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a. Beriberi (neuritis, oedema, cardiac failure)
b. Hoarseness c. Anorexia d. Restlessness e. Aphonia |
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23. Riboflavin (B2) Deficiency?
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a. Photophobia
b. Cheilosis c. Glossitis d. Corneal vascularization e. Poor growth |
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25. Niacin Deficiency?
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a. Pellagra (dementia, dermatitis, diarrhea)
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26. Niacin Excess?
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a. Nicotinic acid causes flushing and pruritus
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27. Pyridoxine (B6) Deficiency?
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a. In infants:
1. Irritability 2. Convulsions 3. Anaemia b. In older pts (On INH): 1. Dermatitis 2. Glossitis 3. Cheilosis 4. Peripheral neuritis |
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28. Pyridoxine (B6) Excess?
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a. Sensory neuropathy
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29. Folate Deficiency?
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a. Megaloblastic anaemia
b. Glossitis c. Pharyngeal ulcers d. Impaired cellular immunity |
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30. Folate Excess?
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a. Usually none
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