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27 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
1. Lactovegetarian?
a. Diet devoid of animal products but includes milk.
2. Ovovegetarian?
a. Diet devoid of animal products but includes eggs.
3. Vegan?
a. Devoid of all animal products.
4. What is Goat’s milk low in?
a. Vit D
b. Iron
c. Folate and B12 (megaloblastic)
d. Infant’s receiving goat’s milk need to be given folate, B12, and iron.
5. What zoonotic condition are goat’s particularly susceptible to (goat’s milk is boiled before ingestion)?
a. Brucellosis.
6. Ideal human infant food?
a. Breast milk.
7. What 2 things is breast milk low in?
a. Vit D and fluoride.
8. What, in breast milk, inhibits E. coli growth?
a. Macrophages.
9. Disadvantages to breast milk?
a. HIV and other viral transmission
b. Jaundice exacerbation due to increased unconjugated bilirubinemia levels (resolved w/12-24 hour breast-feeding interruption) and its association w/low vit K levels, contributing to haemorrhagic disease of the newborn (prevented by vit K administration at birth).
10. What vitamin are breast-feeding VEGAN mothers given?
a. B12, to prevent the infant’s developing methylmalonic acidemia (an AA metabolism disorder involving a defect in the conversion of methylmalonyl-CoA to succinyl-CoA).
11. Presentation of methylmalonic acidemia?
a. Failure to thrive
b. Seizure
c. Encephalopathy
d. Stroke or other neurologic manifestation.
12. Supplements for vegan toddlers?
a. Given B12 and bc of high fibre content and rapid GI transit time, are given trace minerals that can be depleted.
13. Vit A deficiency?
a. Night blindness
b. Xerophthalmia
c. Keratomalacia
d. Conjunctivitis
e. Poor growth
f. Impaired resistance to infection
g. Abnormal tooth development
14. Vit A excess?
a. ↑’d ICP
b. Anorexia
c. Carotenemia
d. Hyperostosis (pain and swelling of long bones)
e. Alopecia
f. Hepatomegaly
g. Poor growth
15. Vit D deficiency?
a. Rickets (w/elevated serum phosphatase levels appearing before bone deformities)
b. Osteomalacia
c. Infantile tetany
16. Vit D excess?
a. Hypercalcemia
b. Azotemia
c. Poor growth
d. N/V
e. Diarrhea
f. Calcinosis of a variety of tissues including kidney, heart, bronchi, and stomach.
17. Vit E Deficiency?
a. Haemolytic anaemia in premature infants
19. Ascorbic acid (Vit C) Deficiency?
a. Scurvy and poor wound healing
20. Ascorbic acid (Vit C) Excess?
a. May predispose to kidney stones
21. Thiamine (B1) Deficiency?
a. Beriberi (neuritis, oedema, cardiac failure)
b. Hoarseness
c. Anorexia
d. Restlessness
e. Aphonia
23. Riboflavin (B2) Deficiency?
a. Photophobia
b. Cheilosis
c. Glossitis
d. Corneal vascularization
e. Poor growth
25. Niacin Deficiency?
a. Pellagra (dementia, dermatitis, diarrhea)
26. Niacin Excess?
a. Nicotinic acid causes flushing and pruritus
27. Pyridoxine (B6) Deficiency?
a. In infants:
1. Irritability
2. Convulsions
3. Anaemia
b. In older pts (On INH):
1. Dermatitis
2. Glossitis
3. Cheilosis
4. Peripheral neuritis
28. Pyridoxine (B6) Excess?
a. Sensory neuropathy
29. Folate Deficiency?
a. Megaloblastic anaemia
b. Glossitis
c. Pharyngeal ulcers
d. Impaired cellular immunity
30. Folate Excess?
a. Usually none