Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
31. What 3 joint bacterial infections may HIV-positive patients also develop?
|
1. Pneumococcal
2. Salmonella 3. Haemophilus influenzae |
|
|
32. Aetiologies of joint infection in IVDU?
|
1. Strep
2. Staff 3. Gram-negative 4. Pseudomonas |
|
|
33. Why is range of motion of the joint an important maneuver the physical examination?
|
a. A septic joint will have a very limited ROM due to pain
i. Coupled with the joint effusion and fever. b. However, nearby Cellulitis, bursitis, or osteomyelitis will usually maintain the ROM of a joint. |
|
|
34. How often will the aspirate of a septic joint have positive culture?
|
a. >90% of cases.
|
|
|
35. Presentation of OA?
|
a. Commonly found in people >65 yrs of age (68% of pts)
b. Associated with trauma, history of repetitive joint use, obesity (specifically for knee OA). c. Usually dull, deep, ache-type pain. d. The onset is usually gradual, with activity exacerbating pain, and rest decreasing in pain. e. In the latter stages, pain is usually constant. |
|
|
36. PE of OA?
|
a. Bony crepitus may be felt on passive ROM.
b. There may be a small joint effusion inferior articular muscle atrophy |
|
|
37. Radiographic appearance of OA at more severe stages?
|
a. Bone sclerosis
b. Subchondral cysts c. Osteophytes |
|
|
38. Who is usually affected by RA?
|
a. People of any age group, but usually presents in those 30-55.
|
|
|
39. Presentation of RA?
|
a. Varied: ranging from monarticular arthritis is intermittent, to a polyarticular arthritis that progresses gradually in intensity, leading to disability.
b. F:M 3:1. |
|
|
40. Specific diagnostic criteria to aid in diagnosis of RA (7)?
|
1. Morning stiffness
2. Involvement of 3 or more joints 3. Involvement of hand joints * 4. Symmetric arthritis* 5. Presence of rheumatoid nodules 6. Positive rheumatoid factor 7. Radiographic changes, which include erosions or decalcifications b. Of all the diagnostic criteria, the 1st 4 must be present for at least 6 weeks, and the fulfilment of any 4 of these criteria sufficient to diagnose RA. |
|
|
41. What laboratory abnormalities may be present in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis?
|
a. ↑ ESR
b. ↑ CRP c. Anaemia d. Thrombocytosis! e. Low albumin |
|
|
42. What lab value usually correlates of the severity of rheumatoid arthritis disease?!?!?!
|
a. The level of hypoalbuminemia!!!
|
|
|
43. Treatment of acute gout attack?
|
1. Colchicine
2. NSAIDs -> indomethacin 3. Steroids b. In elderly, one must take into account the possibility of GI complications from the above medications. c. To reduce these risks, intra-articular steroids, ice packs, and low-dose colchicine are more often used. |
|
|
44. Treatment of patients with recurrent gout attacks?
|
a. Probenecid
b. Allopurinol |
|
|
45. MOA of Probenecid?
|
a. Increases the urinary excretion of uric acid
|
|
|
46. MOA of allopurinol?
|
a. Reduces the production of uric acid
|
|
|
47. Goal of serum uric acid level in treating chronic gout?
|
a. <5mg/dL.
|
