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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1. 25-year-old woman presents with a foul-smelling vaginal discharge area she has a greenish, frothy discharge and a “strawberry cervix” noted on examination. Organism most likely causes infection?
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a. Trichomonas vaginalis
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2. Expected microscopic examination findings with Trichomonas vaginalis?
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a. Motile, flagellated trichomonads, and many white blood cells.
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3. Recommended treatment for vaginal Trichomonas vaginalis infection?
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a. Metronidazole 2 g by mouth in a single dose for both the patient and her sexual partner
b. Metronidazole 500 milligrams BID for a week is an alternative regimen |
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4. Causes of vaginitis?
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a. Sexually-transmitted pathogens
b. Overgrowth of organisms found in normal vaginal flora-common among these are: 1. Candida albicans 2. Trichomonas vaginalis 3. Gardnerella vaginalis |
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5. Symptoms of vaginitis
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a. Vaginal discharge
b. Itching c. Odor d. Dysuria |
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6. General presentation of vaginal fungal infections?
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a. Fungal infections tend to have a thick discharge and cause significant pruritus.
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7. Discharge of bacterial vaginosis (Gardnerella)?
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a. Is often thinner and patients complain of a fishy odor.
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8. Discharge associated with Trichomonas?
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a. Produces a discharge that is usually frothy and patients cervix is frequently very erythematous
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9. Bacterial vaginosis?
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a. The condition of excessive anaerobic bacteria the vagina, leading to a discharge that is alkaline.
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10. Candida vulvovaginitis?
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a. Vaginal and/or over infection caused by Candida species, usually with heterogenous discharge and information
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11. Trichomonas vaginitis?
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a. Infection of the vagina caused by the protozoa Trichomonas vaginalis, usually associated with a frothy green discharge and intense inflammatory response
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12. Presenting symptom of Candida vulvovaginal candidiasis?
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a. Thick, whitish discharge that has no odor and the patient complains of significant pruritus of the external and internal genitalia.
b. On physical exam, the vaginal area can be edematous erythema present |
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13. PH of the discharge associated with Candida?a. 4-5.
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a. 4-5.
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14. How is the diagnosis of vulvovaginal candidiasis Confirmed?
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a. By wet mount or KOH prep showing budding yeast or pseudohyphae
b. Fungal cultures are not needed to confirm the diagnosis!!! But they are useful the infection recurs or is unresponsive to treatment. |
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15. Treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis?
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a. Uncomplicated candidiasis:
i. Short-term intravaginal preparations (creams or vaginal suppositories) ii. Or iii. Single-dose oral therapies (fluconazole 150 mg) b. Complicated or recurrent infections: i. Should begin with an intensive regimen for 10 to 14 days followed by 6 months of maintenance therapy to reduce the likelihood of recurrence. c. Treatment of sexual partner is not indicated unless symptomatic (e.g., balanitis). a. Uncomplicated candidiasis: i. Short-term intravaginal preparations (creams or vaginal suppositories) ii. Or iii. Single-dose oral therapies (fluconazole 150 mg) b. Complicated or recurrent infections: i. Should begin with an intensive regimen for 10 to 14 days followed by 6 months of maintenance therapy to reduce the likelihood of recurrence. c. Treatment of sexual partner is not indicated unless symptomatic (e.g., balanitis). |
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16. Trichomonas incubation period?
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a. 3 to 21 days after exposure
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17. What factors predispose to Trichomonas infection?
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a. Multiple sexual partners
b. Pregnancy c. Menopause |
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18. Presenting complaint trichomoniasis?
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a. Copious amounts of aid in, frothy, green – yellow or grey malodorous vaginal discharge
b. Women can also have vaginal soreness or dyspareunia. c. Symptoms may start or be exacerbated during the time of their menses |
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19. Diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis (anaerobic bacteria or G vaginalis)?
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a. Diagnosis can be based on the presence of 3 of 4 clinical criteria:
1. A thin, homogenous vaginal discharge 2. Vaginal pH > 4.5 3. Positive KOH with test (fishy odor presence after the addition of 10% KOH to a sample of the discharge) 4. The presence of clue cells in a wet mount preparation b. Culture is generally not needed. |
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20. Treatment of bacterial vaginosis(anaerobic bacteria or G vaginalis)?
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a. Treatment options include both oral and topical vaginal preparations of metronidazole or clindamycin
b. Treatment of BV in asymptomatic pregnant women may reduce the incidence of preterm delivery c. Treatment of sexual partners is not necessary |
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21. Which it diagnostic evaluation include former mucopurulent cervicitis?
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a. Testing for chlamydia and gonorrhea, although the aetiological agent is not always found.
b. Absence of symptoms should not prevent additional evaluation and treatment, as approximately 50% of gonococcal infections and 70% of chlamydial infections are asymptomatic and women |
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22. Gold standard for diagnosis of mucopurulent cervicitis?
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a. Culture of cervical discharge
b. Empiric Treatment should be considered in areas of high prevalence of infection or if follow-up is unlikely. |
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21. Which it diagnostic evaluation include former mucopurulent cervicitis?
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a. Testing for chlamydia and gonorrhea, although the aetiological agent is not always found.
b. Absence of symptoms should not prevent additional evaluation and treatment, as approximately 50% of gonococcal infections and 70% of chlamydial infections are asymptomatic and women |
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22. Gold standard for diagnosis of mucopurulent cervicitis?
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a. Culture of cervical discharge
b. Empiric Treatment should be considered in areas of high prevalence of infection or if follow-up is unlikely. |
