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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is dc/dt for zero order
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-Ko
doesn't depend on concentration |
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what order is color fading and why
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zero order b/c it doesn't depend on the concentration
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what is dc/dt for first order
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-K1C
decomposition depends on the concentration of the active ingredient |
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what are 90% of decomposition reactions
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1st order
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what is dc/dt for second order
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-K2C1C2
decomposition reaction depends on pH and concentration of the active drug |
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how can you turn a Second order reaction into First order
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by buffering the solution minimizing the impact of pH
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what is the integrated equation for zero order
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C = Co - Kt
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what is the integrated equation for first order
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lnC = lnCo - Kt
or ln(Co/C) = Kt |
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what is the integrated equation for second order
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1/C = 1/Co + Kt
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what is the half life for zero order
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half life = Co/2K
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what is the half life of first oder
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half life = 0.693/K
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what is the half life of second order
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half life = 1/CoK
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what is the units for zero order
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conc/time
conc*time-1 |
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what is the units for first order
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1/conc
conc-1 |
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what is the units for second order
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1/conctime
conc-1time-1 |
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what order is an unbuffered suspension of ASA and why
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first order b/c only the ASA concentration is constant
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what order is a buffered suspension of ASA and why
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zero order b/c both concentrations are constant
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what order is a unbuffered solution of ASA and why
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second order b/c both concentrations are chaning
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what is the slope for zero order plot
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slope = -k
y axis = C |
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what is the slope for first order plot
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slope = -k
y axis = lnC |
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what order is bacterial growth and radioactive decay
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first order
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what kind of solvents are bad for stability
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polar solvents
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what drugs aren't therapeutically effective at pH of max stability
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some eye drops
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what dosage form is more prone to pH instability (tabs/liquids/caps)
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liquids
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what is Ko equal to
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K1C
K2C1C2 |
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in a specefic acid base catalysis reaction what catalyzes the reaction
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the reaction is being catalyzed by acid, base, or both
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in a general acid base catalysis reaction what catalyzes the reaction
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besides from acid or base, the buffering species can also catalyze the reaction
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what are examples of buffering species
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phosphates
citrate acetate ions |
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what are the equations for Kobs
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Kobs = Ko + KH(H+) + KOH(OH-)
or Kobs = KH(H+) + KOH(OH-) |
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what is the arrhenius equation
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lnK = lnA - Ea/RT
or ln (K2/K1) = Ea/R (T2-T1)/(T2T1) or ln (exp1/exp2) = Ea/R (T2-T1)/(T2T1) |
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what is Ea
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the minimum amount of energy to start the decomposition process/rxn
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what is A
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number of collision of the reactants per unit time
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for the plot of Kobs what is the y axis, y intercept, and x axis
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y axis = Kobs
x axis = concentration of w/e y intercept = Ko |
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what is done in accelerated study
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drug must be stable for 3 months at 40 degree (+-2) at 75% RH (+- 7%) to be considered 2 year stability at Room temp (15-30)
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when does accelerated stability study not work
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when Ea is low (below 7Kcal/mole) b/c at low Ea reaction may not be accelerated at high temp
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what is the statistics for long term stability is conducted at
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25 degrees (+-2) 60% RH (+-6)
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what number do you use to cal expiration date if temp goes up
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5
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what number do you use to cal expiration date if temp goes down
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2
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what happens to exp date if temp increases
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gets shorter
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what happens to exp date if temp decreases
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gets longer/higher
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