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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the focus of pharmaceutics II? |
The design and development of various SAFE and STABLE dosage forms or drug delivery systems. |
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When a patient receives a medication, what is always done? |
It is always administered through a dosage form or a drug delivery system. |
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What type of relationship is shown by a zero order process? |
Non-linear |
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What type of relationship is shown by a first order process? |
Linear |
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What determines the expiration date of a drug? |
The physical-chemical stability of the drug |
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What is the most common expiration date? |
Two years |
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What does flow depend on? What dosage form is it important in? |
Viscosity Important in liquid dosage forms. |
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What are some examples of surface phenomenon? |
*adsorption *hygroscopicity *surface tension *interfacial tension |
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What are some examples of colligative properties? |
*vapor pressure *freezing point *osmotic pressure (role in isotonic solutions, calculation of osmolarity, and mEq) |
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What is considered to be a conventional solid dosage form? |
*tablets that are immediate release (IR). *powder as a dosage form *hard and soft gelatin capsules |
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What two categories are solid dosage forms divided into? |
*conventional solid dosage forms *modified release or controlled release dosage forms |
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Describe a solution. |
One phase, liquid, clear, and transparent. |
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Describe a suspension. |
Two phases, powder is dispersed uniformly into a liquid medium. |
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Describe an emulsion. |
Two phases (oil phase and aqueous phase), dispersed uniformly. |
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If you have a dosage form that contains an aqueous phase, what should you consider adding to it? Why? |
*preservatives *without it, the dosage form can form bacteria |
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What are semi solid dosage forms? |
They are between liquid and solid states. |
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Why are semi solid dosage forms used? Where are they used? |
*applied topically *have local or systemic effects |
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What is included in semi solid dosage forms? |
*lotions *ointments *creams *paste *suppositories *transdermal patches *injectable *inhalers/aerosols |
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List the viscosity of the following from most viscous to least viscous. Cream, Paste, Ointment, Lotion |
*paste (highest percentage of active ingredient) *cream *ointment *lotion |
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What is special about transdermal dosage form packaging? |
It lists the strength versus time. (mg/hour) |
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What does USP mean? |
United States Pharmacopeia |
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What will influence the lipophilicity of a therapeutic agent? |
*molecular weight *substituent groups |
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What can be used to improve the aqueous solubility of a drug? |
*use of a co-solvent *prepare as a suitable salt *adjust the pH of a solution |
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What type of drug is available as sodium and potassium salts, and is more soluble at a higher pH? |
Weak acidic drugs |
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What type of drug is available in an unionized form at low pH, making it better absorbed at the region of low pH? |
Weak acidic drugs |
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What type of drug is losartan potassium, penicillin VK, and aspirin? |
Weak acidic drugs |
