Cervical

Front 1

decreasing muscle spasm and pain and thus gradually improving mobility

Back 1

Cervical mobilization permits early treatment by means of gentle oscillatory movements which have the effect of——.

Front 2

T

Back 2

While there is a risk of complications with cervical manipulation, cervical mobilization is safe as it is not a past end range technique. Furthermore, a lesser degree of skill is required for mobilization than for manipulation.

Front 3

three stages

Back 3

Mobilization techniques are generally divided into———— for both anterior directed (postero-anterior) and rotational techniques.

Front 4

•small

•larger

Back 4

Stages 1 and 3 are relatively——- amplitude movements while stage 2 is a——- amplitude movement that occupies the range between stages 1 and 3.

Front 5

direct or indirect

Back 5

Mobilization may be_______, depending on whether a lever principle is used and whether it is preferable to mobilize one or several levels simultaneously

Front 6

Anterior directed central gliding

Back 6

The tips of the thumbs must be used and the technique has to be delicate. It is suitable for the levels from C2 to C6. It can be used as an early, mid or end range technique (that is, all three grades).

Front 7

Bilateral or central symptoms. From c2 to c6

Back 7

Anterior directed central gliding indications

Front 8

A D C G

Back 8

Pressure is transmitted through the therapist's thumbs by movement of the trunk and arms

Front 9

•apophyseal

•all three

Back 9

A D U G***This is a very effective technique which is often used. As there is considerable movement over the——— joint it can be highly effective through _______stage

Front 10

Anterior directed unilateral gliding

Back 10

This is a very effective technique which is often used. As there is considerable movement over the apophyseal joint it can be highly effective through all three stages.

Front 11

Unilateral cervical pain. especially for the common dysfunction of C2-C3 - the 'headache' joint. It is used for the lateral joints from C2-C3 to C6-C7.

Back 11

A D U G indications

Front 12

two to three

Back 12

ADUG** The thumbs are placed over the tender level behind the articular pillar about________ centimeters from the midline. This varies slightly from patient to patient

Front 13

C4

Back 13

ADUG**Application of pressure at the____ level mobilizes the C4-C5 joint

Front 14

3. Anterior unilateral gliding with head rotation

Back 14

This is a specific method for treatment of the important C1-C2 joint which, like the C2-C3 joint, is often responsible for headache. The method is similar to technique 2 but the head is rotated towards the painful side.

Front 15

painful side.

Back 15

3. Anterior unilateral gliding with head rotation

The method is similar to technique 2 but the head is rotated towards the_______________

Front 16

Unilateral painful C1-C2 apophyseal joint.

Back 16

3. Anterior unilateral gliding with head rotation indications

Front 17

30

Back 17

AUG+HR

This is similar to technique 2 except that the patient's head is rotated approximately_____ degrees towards the painful side.

Front 18

head

Back 18

AUG+HR***The long axis of the therapist's thumbs is postero-anterior directed but tilted slightly towards the——-.

Front 19

Rotation

Back 19

This accessory movement is an extremely important technique for treatment of unilateral or bilateral cervical pain. For unilateral pain the head should be rotated away from the painful side.

Front 20

away from the painful side

Back 20

Rotation** This accessory movement is an extremely important technique for treatment of unilateral or bilateral cervical pain. For unilateral pain the head should be rotated________.

Front 21

•same plane

•30

•45

Back 21

Rotation**

For the upper cervical spine the patient's neck is held on the_____ as the body

For the mid cervical spine the neck is flexed to about___ degrees.

For the lower cervical spine the neck is flexed to about___ degrees.

Front 22

Lateral flexion

Back 22

Mobilization in lateral flexion is often underrated, but it can be a very effective technique. It can be used effectively when rotation is painful and restricted because this means that lateral flexion is also restricted and limiting rotation.

Front 23

rotation is painful and restricted because this means that lateral flexion is also restricted and limiting rotation.

Back 23

LF** Mobilization in lateral flexion is often underrated, but it can be a very effective technique. It can be used effectively when_______________

Front 24

T

Back 24

Lateral flexion mobilization can be used as a general or as a specific technique, depending on whether the objective is to mobilize the entire cervical spine or only one or two levels.

Front 25

proximal aspect of the lateral border of the index finger

Back 25

LF**To achieve specificity at a given level, the_______ of the near hand applies pressure on the neck against the affected level of the articular pillar.

Front 26

• Unilateral pain in neck and referred pain.

• Rotation decreased and, or painful.

• Lateral flexion decreased and/or painful.

Back 26

LF** Indications for use

Front 27

• away from the painful side

•2 or 3 procedure.

Back 27

• In lateral flexion it is the opposite side that is being handled – for example, if the left side is the side requiring treatment, the neck is flexed to the right because this affects gapping of the stiff joints on the left.

• Lateral flexion is therefore_____.

• The head is used as a body lever.

• Lateral flexion is most effective as a stage_______

Front 28

Longitudinal distraction gliding (traction

Back 28

Traction, which is an excellent and safe method, can be administered by machines but can also be applied manually, including by the use of a belt. It is an underrated technique and is often most effective when used manually.

Front 29

nerve root irritation

irritable spine

headache

Severe degenerative changes.

Back 29

Indications of Longtudinal DG

Front 30

body weight, and not the arms

Back 30

Traction is achieved by using____________, which quickly fatigue. This implies placing the feet to take a firm and comfortable stance, and leaning back during the traction.

Front 31

extended

Back 31

Avoid traction to an_____ neck.

Front 32

•C2-C3

•C3-C4 and C4-C5

•C5-C6 and C7-T1

Back 32

The upper cervical spine (occiput to___): the head should be in a neutral position for traction.

• The mid cervical spine (__________): the head should be lifted off the couch at an angle of 30 degrees.

• The lower cervical spine (________): the angle of the neck to the couch should be about 45 degrees.

Front 33

•tender neck.

•Rotation

Back 33

Anterior directed (postero-anterior) gliding techniques give excellent results and are very specific but may not be possible in the acutely______.

______ mobilization is the appropriate first line treatment in these cases.