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143 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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To remain certified the nurse aide must renew the certification how often
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every 2 years
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How far is the rectal thermometer inserted into the rectum
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1 inches
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If a resident has drank a hot liquid, how long should you wait before taking an oral temp
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15-20 minutes
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When making an occupied bed, what is the most important thing to remember?
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raise the side rail opposite from the side you are working on
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Restraining a resident without a doctor's order is ____________
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false imprisonment
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What is the best way to measure a resident's respiratory rate
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while you are still feeling the pulse, so the resident is unaware that you are measuring the pulse
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What is hemiplegia
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weakness on one side of the body
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A permanent shortening of the joint is called...
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a contracture
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A decrease in the size of a muscle is called....
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atrophy
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A serious form of constipation that must be digitally removed is called
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a fecal impaction
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Cyanosis is ...
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bluish tinge of nails, skin and lips; a sign of lack of oxygen
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What should you do if you are washing your hands and touch the inside of the sink
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start the whole handwashing process over again
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What position should you place a resident in if she is having difficulty breathing?
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fowlers (sitting up)
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If you are asked to obtain a midstream clean catch urine on a female, what instructions do you have to give her?
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to wipe from front to back with 3 separate towelettes, to begin voiding and then to collect urine in the middle of the stream
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If a man is on a 24 hour urine and he voids the first time at 9am and then again at 2pm. When will his 24 urine collection be completed?
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2pm the next day
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purpose of a drawsheet
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to keep linen neatly tucked in, to reposition the resident from side to side or up and down in the bed
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4 causes of pressure sores
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1.immobility
2.poor nutrition (especially lack of protein) 3. incontinence (wet skin) 4. decreased sensation |
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what is the purpose of obtaining a stool specimen for hemoccult blood
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to detect the presence of hidden blood in the stool
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what position is the person placed in to receive an enema
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Sims
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what is the first thing you should do if a person becomes NPO
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remove the water pitcher, cup and all food
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describe how catheter care is performed
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clean perineum of female from front to back or male from the meatus (penis opening) towards scrotum then clean the catheter from the meatus towards the bag down approx. four inches
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when obtaining a sputum specimen what instructions should you give the resident
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take 3 deep breaths in/out and on the last breath out, cough forcefully to raise the secretions into the cup
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signs of illness are ______________
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objective- they can be seen, felt, smelled or heard
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symptoms of illness must be_____________
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described by the resident, such as pain
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what instructions are given to the person who had their broken hip repaired
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never bend down to cross shoe strings and never cross legs
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which member of the health care team supervises your work
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the registered nurse
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which member of the health care team helps with ambulation and movement of muscles and joints
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physical therapist
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A resident refuses his meal because he is a Muslim and cannot eat pork. What should you do
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ask the nurse to call the kitchen for another tray
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what is the purpose of rehabilitation
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to restore the person to the highest possible level of function
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what type of equipment can be used to prevent a contracture
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hand roll
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the following vital signs are taken, which should you report to the nurse
98.8-88-104-130/70 |
the pulse is too fast- should be between 60 to 100 beats per minute
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the top number in the blood pressure reading is______
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the systolic reading which is created when the heart contracts
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which position can be used if a person is going into shock
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trendelnberg- with feet higher than the head
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A man has a weak left arm. How should you undress him
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take the sleeve out of his right arm first
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You see a red area on a residents elbow. What is the best thing to do
a. massage it with lotion b. tell the RN c. monitor it for any worsening d. put an elbow protector on it |
tell the RN- never massage over red areas!
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While ambulating a resident he begins to fall. What should you do?
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slide him to the floor, stay with him and call for help
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what does DNR stand for?
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do not resuscitate- or do not start CPR
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What should you do if you nick a man while shaving his face?
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apply direct pressure to the cut and tell the RN
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How should hair be combed if it is tangled?
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Part into sections and comb from the ends, moving towards the roots
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What is the medical term for blue skin
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cyanosis
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What is edema?
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swollen ankles and feet caused by fluid retention
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What piece of equipment is used for both transferring a resident and ambulation
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a gait/transfer belt
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How can you tell if a restraint is too tight
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slip 3-4 fingers inside the restraint; if it is too tight you won't be able to get hands in
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A resident tells you he was abused. Who can you report this too
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RN
ombudsman Dept of Health abuse hotline |
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What is meant by confidentiality
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protecting a residents personla information
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What can a nurse aide do to prevent skin tears
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keep fingernails short
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what is the purpose of the MSDS manual
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it lists every chemical used in the facility and what to do if there is an accidental exposure
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Which member of the healthcare team can help the resident with spiritual needs
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clergy such as a priests or rabbi
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What is the purpose of orientation therapy?
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to remind the resident of person, place and time each
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What should the man do with his urinal after he uses it?
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hang it over the siderail
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What are signs and symptoms of a stroke?
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slurred speech (or difficulty speaking)
weakness on one side of the body confusion |
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What is the only reason to restrain a resident?
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to protect safe from self or others (never for staff convenience or to punish)
to protect from self or others |
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how often does the nurse aide have to renew his/her certification
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every 2 years
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Healthcare provided by the government for people over the age of 65
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Medicare
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An illness that comes on suddenly and lasts a short period of time is called what type of illness?
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acute
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Using gestures, facial expressions, posture and gait send a message is which type of communication
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nonverbal or body language
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What is fille out if a resident has an item lost, stolen or broken
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an incident report
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What is the best way to address a resident
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by the name he or she requests or Mr,Ms. or Mrs
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How can you check the battery on a hearing aid
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turn the hearing aid on, turn up the volume and you should hear a loud squeal
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List the rights of residents in a nursing home
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Residents have the right to 1. privacy
2. confidentiality 3. to share a room if married 4. to complain 5. to be treated with dignity and respect 6. to leave 7.to stay 8. to send and recieve unopened mail 9. to be free of abuse and neglect 10. to live in a clean, safe environment 11. to have private visits and phone calls 12. to manage their own money 13. to not work in the home 14. to organize into groups 15. to practice a religion 16. to be free of restraints 17. to have personal possessions 18. to personal choice |
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If you make a mistake when charting how do you correct it
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draw one line through the mistake and initial it (do not use white out!)
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How many hours of sleep do the elderly require
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5 to 6 hours per night
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How can you help a resident with their self esteem needs
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dress them nicely
assist with grooming allow them to do as much as possible for themselves |
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If a resident ambulates with a cane, how should he carry it
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he should hold the cane on his strong side
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If a resident is depressed and tearful, how can you help
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encourage the person to talk about their feeling and fears and listen (do not give advice or tell the person that they shouldn't be sad)
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What are 6 measures you can do to promote sleep
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1.avoid caffeine products
2. don't allow residents to exercise before bedtime 3. toilet before bed 4. give a light snack 5. offer a backrub 6. position comfortably |
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If a resident is angry and yelling what may this mean?
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This is the way he communicates- try to determine if he has an unmet need such as hunger or a soiled diaper
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What type of environment does bacteria grow best in
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warm, moist, dark places
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If a person has a contagious infection on his skin, what type of transmission based precautions (isolation) would he be placed in?
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contact precautions
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What is the number one thing you can do to stop the spread of infection?
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wash your hands
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How long do your wash your hands?
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15 seconds, minimum
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Name 2 types of bloodborne pathogens that require Standard Precautions
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Hepatitis B and HIV
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How are HIV and Hepatitis B spread?
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1. unprotected sex with an infected partner
2. sharing needles and syringes 3. moms to babies 4. blood transfusions |
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What is Hepatitis
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an infection of the liver
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What are the three pieces of personal protective equipment used by nurse aides?
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gloves, gown and mask
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If you are going into an isolation room, what is the order in which you will put on the PPE?
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mask, gown and gloves
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How do you double bag waste and linen being brought out of the isolation room?
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bag the waste up in a biohazard (red) bag while in the room and then have a coworker (standing outside the room) place the first bag in a second bag
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What should you do with a disposable razor after you shaved a resident?
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place the used razor in the sharps container
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What does the word biohazard mean?
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contaminated
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What are 4 alternatives to restraining a resident?
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use a lap pillow
use wedges distraction with activities chair and bed alarms |
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A position lying flat on the back
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supine
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A side-lying position
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lateral
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a partly side-lying and partly prone position often used for rectal exams and enemas
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Sims's
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What is the purpose of dangling a resident
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to prevent orthostatic hypotension or a drop in the blood pressure when the person first sits up (watch for dizziness)
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What is the purpose of logrollinbg?
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to prevent injury to the neck and spine; it is moving the body as one unit
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What is the term for the correct or anatomical positioning of a patient's body; keeping it straight
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body alignment
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What are 4 nurse aide responsbibilities when a new person is admitted?
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1. check ID band
2. take weight and vital signs 3. show person how to use call bell 4. document all personal belonging brought into the facility |
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If a person is nonambulatory and you need to measure his height, how is it done?
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using a tape measure mark from the top of his head to his heels
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What are the 3 types of weight scales available?
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standing or ambulatory scale
wheelchair scale electronic scale |
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Name 6 pieces of equipment that are standard in every room
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1. bed
2. privacy curtain 3. chair with arms 4. call bell 5. overbed table 6. bedside stand |
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What can be placed on the overbed table
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wash basin, meal tray and clean linen
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What are 6 guidelines to remember when making a bed
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1. don't let linen touch your uniform
2. place linen on clean, dry surface (chair or overbed table) 3. don't shake or fan linen 4. make one side of bed at a time 5. don't place linen on the floor 6. don't take in extra linen |
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How are dentures protected from breakage?
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1. place liner in the sink when cleaning the dentures and
2. store in labeled, denture cup with a lid (filled with cool water) |
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What is done during early AM or before breakfast care?
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1. wash face and hands
2. rinse mouth out 3. assist with toileting 4. raise head of bed 5. position overbed table |
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How often is routine mouthcare performed?
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after breakfast and at bedtime
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What does hs stand for?
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Hour of Sleep (bedtime)
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What is done to keep the resident warm and covered during the bath
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use a bath blanket
and close windows and eliminate drafts |
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What is used to reduce friction during the back massage
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lotion
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How is facial hair removed
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shave in the direction of hair's growth while holding the skin taut
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What is the first step in any emergency?
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Call for help
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How can you determine if a person is choking?
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ask him to try to speak and cough (if unable to cough or speak, the person is choking)
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What is the basic unit of living matter?
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cells
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What must be removed from the room if a resident is receiving oxygen therapy
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1. remove smoking materials (cigs, matches)
2. remove small electrical appliances such as electric shaver and hair dryer 3. remove wool products 4. remove flammables such as nail polish remover 5. post no smoking sign on door 6. notify RN if humidifier bottle empty |
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What are the 4 ways a temperature can be measured
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orally
rectally axillary aurally (in the ear) |
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What is the most accurate way to take the temperature
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rectally
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What is the least accurate way to measure the temp?
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axillary (under the armpit)
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What must be done before using the glass thermometer?
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1. shake down to 96.0 degrees
2. check for chips and cracks |
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If the apical pulse is 100 and the radial pulse is 90, what is the apical-radial deficit?
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10
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How is an apical temp measured?
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you must use a stethoscope over the apex of the heart
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What is the pulse if you got a reading of 36 after 30 seconds
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72
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What is the acceptable range for the respirations?
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12 to 22
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What is the end product of digestion?
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a Bowel movement
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Why are the elderly more at risk for the development of constipation?
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with aging peristalsis (the movement of feces through the digestive tract) slows down, they are less active and may not have enough fiber in their diet
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In what directon do arteries carry blood?
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arteries carry blood away from the heart and veins carry blood to the heart
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What is TB
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a bacterial lung infection that can be cured with long term treatment
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What is hepatitis
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a viral infection of the liver that cannot be cured
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What is the normal range for respirations?
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12 to 22 breaths per minute
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What is the normal range for an oral temp?
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97.6 to 99.6
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What is a colostomy?
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it is a surgically created opening into the bowel to drain feces
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What position is the person placed in to receive an enema?
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Sims- lying on the left side
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How many servings of the bread group can a person have per day?
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6 to 11
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Why are carbohydrates needed?
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for energy
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What is a puree diet?
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mechanically soft food for those with difficulty swallowing or no teeth; food is the texture of 'baby food' or pudding
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What is dysphagia?
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difficulty swallowing
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Why might a person be on a low sodium (salt) diet?
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he has hypertension or kidney disease
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What is done if a person if NPO
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remove water pitcher and cup, post signs to alert others and remove all food and liquids
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How do you force fluids on a resident?
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offer a small amount of a variety of liquids throughout the waking hours
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What does the abbreviation HS mean
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hour of sleep (bedtime)
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What fluids are measured as a part of output?
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urine, diarrhea, emesis, wound drainage and blood
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What is emesis?
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vomit
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How much fluid does the human body need each day to stay healthy?
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2000 to 2500cc per day
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How many ounces in a 30cc/ml
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1 ounce equals 30cc
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Why would a person be on a fluid restriction?
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he is retaining fluid or has edema
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How is output measured?
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the liquid, such as urine, must be transferred into a graduate container and read at eye level
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If Roger is on a 24 hour urine and he wakes up and voids at 9:30 and again 1pm, when is his 24 urine collection completed?
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`1pm the next day
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Why is urine strained?
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to collect kidney stones
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What is sputum
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the secretions deep in the lungs that must be coughed out
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Is sexuality important to the elderly
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yes, sexuality the way a person feels about self as a man or woman, begins at the time the sex of the baby is know and continues throughout a lifetime
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What is dysphasia?
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difficulty speaking
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HOw long is a warm compress applied?
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for 15 to 20 minutes
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HOw often do you have to check the skin during a hot or cold application?
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every 5 minutes
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What can be done to prevent contractures (permanent shortening of the muscle)
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ROM exercises
hand splints hand rolls |
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If you touch a resident without his or her permission what are you guilty of?
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battery
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