Cerebrum

Front 1

Outer layer, gray, shallow layer

Back 1

Cerebral Cortex

Front 2

folds in the brain, formed by rapid growth of cortex and cerebrum; each contain clusters of cells that function in the same way

Back 2

Gyri

Front 3

Inner layer, white matter; inner is myelated axons which produce white color

Back 3

Cerebral Proper

Front 4

seperates two hemispheres (lobes), extending into is falx cerebri, corpus callosum

Follows sagittal sutures—separates into right and left lobes; deep fissure

Back 4

Longitudinal fissure

Front 5

connecting pathway for hemispheres; set of fibers run through there

Back 5

Corpus Callosum

Front 6

separates frontal & parietal lobes

Back 6

Central Sulcus

Front 7

separates frontal & temporal lobes; consistent with the squamous suture

-does continue to separate some of the temporal bone and parietal bone

Back 7

Lateral Cerebral Sulcus

Front 8

separates parietal & occipital

-also slightly separates occipital and temporal

Back 8

Parieto -occipital sulcus

Front 9

separates cerebrum & cerebellum

Back 9

Transverse fissure

Front 10

What are the 3 sets of fibers?

Back 10

1. Association: within same hemi; connect gyri in same hemi

2. Commissural: b/t corresponding gyri in each hemi

3. Projection: ascending/descending tracts

Front 11

between corresponding gyri in each hemi, run through the corpus callosum connecting gyri

Back 11

Commissural fibers

Front 12

within same hemi; connect gyri in same hemi

Back 12

Assocation fibers

Front 13

ascending/descending tracts

Back 13

Projection

Front 14

paired masses of gray matter, control of motor movements (skeletal muscle)

Back 14

Basal Ganglia

Front 15

The Corpus Striatum of the BG consists of what?

Back 15

A. Caudate Nucleus - controls large subconscious movement

B. Lentiform Nucleus:
1. Putamen - same as Caudate
2. Globus Pallidus - regulates myo tone for specific movements

Front 16

controls large subconscious movement

Back 16

Caudate Nucleus

Front 17

regulates myo tone for specific movements

Back 17

Globus Pallidus

Front 18

*primary controller of emotions
-Mass of gray matter interspersed in the white matter
-Widespread connection of sections

Back 18

Limbic System

Front 19

What is secondary in emotions?

Back 19

Hypothalmus

Front 20

controls groups of skeletal myo; consists of motor neurons that do this activity—

control biceps brachii; all the muscle groups of the body are controlled by cluster of neurons

Back 20

Precentral Gyrus = Primary Motor Area

Front 21

What is the name for the primary motor area?

Back 21

Precentral Gyrus

Front 22

Frontal lobe collectively is known as the ________; devoted to groups of skeletal muscle; seat of Volusia (deciding to walk etc.)

Back 22

Motor Cortex

Front 23

control myo for speech (CVA = non-fluent aphasia)

muscles of the jaw, tongue, vocal cord vibration; muscles of respiration are controlled by this area

Back 23

Broca's Speech Area

Front 24

If you have a stroke, _______ causes the inability to speak. You can form clear thoughts but what is spoken in just jibbersih –non-fluid aphasia

Back 24

Broca's Area

Front 25

What are the two motor areas of the Cerebral Cortex?

Back 25

1. Precentral Gyrus (Primary Motor Area)

2. Broca's Area

Front 26

What are the sensory areas of the Cerebral Cortex?

Back 26

1. Primary Somesthetic
2. Primary auditory
3. Primary visual area

Front 27

identify sounds, become aware of sounds coming in, gives us meaning

Back 27

Primary Auditory

Front 28

locate point of stimuli (back of knee is touched)

Ex. my right foot stepped on something —tells you the point of the body that is stimulated

Back 28

Primary Somesthetic

Front 29

What are the assocation areas of the Cerebral Cortex?

Back 29

1. Premotor Area
2. Somesthetic association - integrates/interprets
3. Wernicke's Area

Front 30

generates impulses to control complex movements, sequential learned movements (writing)

-stores the motor pattern that is needed to replicate that skill, movement becomes more coordinated; anterior to the primary motor area

Back 30

Premotor Area

Front 31

integrates/interprets: gives details about the sensation

-posterior to the primary somesthetic—you can tell what the object actually is..

Back 31

Somesthetic Association

Front 32

allows comprehension in written & spoken language

-part that allows reading comprehension; allows you to listen what a person is saying and write it

Back 32

Wernicke's Area

Front 33

What problems can occur if Wernicke's area is damaged?

Back 33

word deafness, word blindness, fluent aphasia

Front 34

thoughts are nonsensical arrangements of words; you can speak sentences but they do not make any sense

Back 34

CVA = fluent aphasia

Front 35

two sides of the brain that are not identical, can vary

Back 35

Cerebral asymmetry

Front 36

verbal, math, analytical, etc.

Back 36

Left Hemisphere

Front 37

non-verbal, music, spatial, etc.

Back 37

Right Hemisphere