Cerebrum

Front 1

The main lobes of brain

Back 1

occipital lobe (red) - visual sensation

parietal lobe (pink) - somatosensory f

frontal lobe (blue) - motor execution

Temporal lobe (green) - auditory f

Cerebrum is the largest part of brain. Has right and left hemispheres joined by Corpus callosum. hemispheres are separated by sickld shaped fold of dura. lobes+surface

Front 2

How is 2 hemispheres of brain attached

Back 2

with CORPUS CALLOSUM

Front 3

What is the outer surface of brain like

Back 3

with dips or grooves called sulci and coily bumps called gyri (gyri - giant)

Sulci- Central sulcus or fissure of rolando, lateral sulcus or fissure of sylvius, parieto occipital sulcus ans calcarine sulcus. Gyri in figure of sulci n gyri

Front 4

Internal structure of brain

Back 4

First slice off the brain to obtain a coronal section. Now the grey outlining is grey matter and inner white color is white matter. essentially, white color is axons of neurons and grey color is cell body and dendrites of neurons.

We can see the corpus callosum (green) the white matter forming a band of fibres to connect the like areas of both hemispheres.

Blue shaded holes are ventricles of brain filled with csf.

Front 5

what do you see in the back of this model or ventral surface in a standing person

Back 5

The elongated medulla oblongata the bulgy pons and deep in is the mid brain

The flower like blooming on both side is cerebellum

Front 6

demonstrate coverings of brain

Back 6

thick white sheet like dura mater (durable strong) the glistening blushy pia mater (pia pink) , colorless clear arachnoid mater

Front 7

functional areas of brain

Back 7

Front 8

The connected areas of brain

Back 8

Somatosensory cortex in parietal lobe (receiving sensory nerve) to motor cortex in frontal lobe (going out through the motor nerve.

Front 9

diencephalon

Back 9

is embedded within cerebrum and is hidden from surface. it has dorsal part- thalamus, metathalamus( lateral geniculate body for vision and medial geniculate body for hearing),and epithalamus.

ventral- hypothalamus and subthalamus.

Front 10

thalamus

Back 10

its a mass of grey matter situated in between 3rd ventricle. 2 thalami connected by interthalamic adhesion.

parts - anterior(recent memory) , medial(olfactory and sensory) , lateral.

function - relay centre. transmit sensory and motor signal to cerebrum. it receive afferent nerve from different part.

Front 11

thalamus figure 2

Back 11

thalamic syndrome - hemiplegia with loss of sensation

Front 12

hypothalamus

Back 12

located in lateral wall and floor of 3rd ventricle.

supraoptic nucleus - secrete ADH

paraventricular nucleus - secrete oxytocin.

Function - chief ganglion of ANS.anterior part regulate parasympathetic and post part sympathetic system. hormones regulate thyroid pituitary etc. hence control respiratory and cardiovascular functions. temperature regulation, food n water intake n sexual activity and biological clock.

lesions - diabetes insipidus, obesity and abnomal sexuality

Front 13

basal nuclei

Back 13

mass of grey matter deep inside cerebrum.

include lentiform nucleus (biconvex, boundary of internal capsule). 2 part putamen and globus pallidus. caudate nucleus (space has thalamus and internal capsule)part-head body tail . they both corpus striatum.

amygdaloid nucleus - near tail

claustrum.

Function - muscular tone and voluntary movement. mainly corpus striatum helps in this.

applied - degeneration of corpus striatum leads to parkinsonism and muscle rigidity.

Front 14

Corpus callosum

Back 14

white matter of cerebrum has association fibres ( one hemispheres cortical areas connected) projection fibres (cortical areas to other part of brain like brainstem) commissural fibres (connects corresponding areas of 2 hemispheres)

. Corpus Callosum is largest collection of commissural fibres. 10cm long. it doesn't connect lower part of temporal lobe.

Parts- rostrum (directed downward and backward. connected to orbital surface of frontal lobe)

genu (its the anterior end with forceps minor fibres connecting frontal lobes.

Splenium thickest part with forceps major connecting occipital lobes

Trunk middle part. trunk with Splenium has tapetum fibres.