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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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how many strokes would you guess happen each year?
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700,000
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how many strokes that happened last year were fatal?
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250,000
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where would you put stroke on the list of leading killer in the US?
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3rd
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how much money was spent in 2005 on care cost to patients secondary to stroke?
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57 billion
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what are the two different types of stroke?
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ischemic and hemorrhagic
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about how many strokes are ischemic?
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80%
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>50% of all strokes are from the ___
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extracranial circulation
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What are the risk factors for stroke?
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cholesterol, smoking, hypercoaguability, lifestyle, race, diabetes, age, hypertension, gender
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which of the stroke risk factors are non modifiable
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age race gender
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which risk factors can we modify
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lifestyle diet smoking cholesterol
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What are some of the warning signs of a stroke?
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hemi-paresis, speech problems, vision trouble, off equilibrium
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Are patients with carotid pathologies symptomatic or asymptomatic
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both/either
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why would an asymptomatic patient be sent in for an ultrasound of the carotid?
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the presence of a cervical bruit
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CVA
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cerebrovascular accident
anything 24 hrs + |
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RIND
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reversible ischemic neurological deficit
2-4 hrs |
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TIA
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transient ischemic attack
<24hrs |
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amaurosis (fugax)
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visual disturbance (usually in one eye) that is explained as having a shade pulled over the eye
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hemiparesis
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paralysis of one side of the body or face
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dysarthria
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speech issue caused by the muscles of the mouth
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aphasia
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cannot speak or has extreme difficulty speaking, cannot comprehend (receptive) or articulate (expressive), caused by the brain/neurological
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dysphagia
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difficulty swallowing or unable to swallow
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ataxia
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wobbly, unsteady gait, uncoordinated due to brain failure
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diplopia
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double vision
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vertigo
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dizziness, surroundings moving around you, spinning
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what is the first branch off the aorta
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the innominate or brachiocephalic
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what is the second branch off the aorta
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the left common carotid
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what is the third branch off the aorta
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the left subclavian
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CCA
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common carotid artery
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the CCA measure between
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6-8mm
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Which CCA is longer and why
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left, because it bifurcates directly off the aortic arch
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where does the CCA run
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in the carotid sheath with the jugular vein and the vagus nerve
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