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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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A Fine-grained, sedimentry clay of high plasticity.
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Ball Clay
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An Initial firing of clay which drives off the chemical water found in the clay molecule and permanently changes the clay. This type of ware cannot be slacked down and becomes hard. Prepares the work to be glazed.
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Bisque
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Clay which has dried compleatly.
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Bone Dry
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A slow pre-heathing of a kiln. Also, a verb.
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Candle
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Composed of kaolinite in combination with other materials. It is plastic when wet, will hold it's shape when dry and changes to a hard permanent form when heated.
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Clay
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A mixture of clays, fluxes and fillers formulated for a specific purpose.
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Clay Body
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A glaze defect in which the glaze pulls away from an area, often into a raised drop-shaped areas. Can be caused by improperly formulated glaze, but usually due to application over a dirty surface.
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Crawling
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A glaze defect where the glaze surface cracks.Caused by the glaze having a higher rate of thermal contraction when cooling than the clay body. Common in many glazes
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Crazing
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A mineral which fluxes glazes and clay bodies. These contain fluxing oxides such as potassium , sodium, alumina and silica.
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Feldspar
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Coarse, impure, refactory clay. This varies in plasticity and can be used in structural or a back bone ingrediant in a clay body. They are secondary clays, like ball clays.
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Fire Clay
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A material which has a low melting point or causes another material to melt.
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Flux
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A vitrified coating on ceramic objects. This is a glass layer on the surface of the clay.
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Glaze
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Crushed fired clay added to a clay body to reduce shrinkage. Helps to prevent cracking. Known as temper.
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Grog
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Relatively pure, white clay of a medium to low plasticity, composed of almost entirely of Kaolinite.
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Kaolin
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Pure Clay.
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Kaolinite
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Furnace for heating ceramics. These can be heated by eletricity or combustion.
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Kiln
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Stiff but moist, the strongest stage of unfired clay. "Cheese Hard".
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Leather hard
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A firing Atmosphere in which sufficient oxygen is present for complete combustion to occur.
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Oxidation
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A clay which has not been moved from the site o its formation. These are almost entirely Kaolinte.
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Primary Clay
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A thermometer used to measure high temps.
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Pyrometer
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Small cones made of percisley formulated materials which melt at specific temps. These Measure heat work and are more accurate then pyrometers.
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Pyrometric Cones
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A rapid change in the crystal structure of quartz molecules as they heat and cool. This happens at 1063 degrees Farenheight and is accompanied by a sudden change in size which may cause cracking.
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Quartz Inversion
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A firing atmosphere in which insufficient oxygen is present for a combustion. The burning fuel robs the oxygen atoms from the molecules of clay and glaze reducing them to a less oxygenated form.
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Reduction
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A clay which has been moved from its origin, usually by water but sometimes by wind or glaciation. Contains more impurities than primary clay. Also called sedimentry clays.
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Secondary Clay
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A liquid suspension of clay materials
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Slip
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To become glass-like and dense when heated. These are hard and non-absorbent.
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Vitrify
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