Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
2 layers of Telencephalon |
Cerebral cortex (gray matter) Deep inner cerebral medulla (white matter) |
|
|
White matter (fibers) |
Commissural: Connects R&L hemispheres Association: within a single hemisphere Projection: ascending and descending tracts |
|
|
Lobes of cerebrum - function of Frontal Lobe |
Voluntary motor function, motivation, aggression |
|
|
2 other names for basal ganglia |
Cerebral nuclei, basal nuclei |
|
|
Parkinson's results from what |
destruction of dopaminergic neurons in basal ganglia |
|
|
Basal ganglia is linked to. . . |
Subthalamic nucleus & substantia nigra |
|
|
What does corpus stratum (basal ganglia) consist of? |
Caudate nucleus Lentiform nucleus Putamen Globus pallidus |
|
|
Functions of cerebrum (3) |
-higher brain functions: intelligence, personality, memory, etc -Interpret sensory information -Motor control of voluntary muscles |
|
|
List functional regions of cortex |
- Primary motor cortex /Precentral gyrus - Primary somatosensory area/ postcentral gyrus - Broca’s / motor speech area - Wernicke’ s / auditory association area - Common integrative area /gnostic area |
|
|
Limbic system |
In cerebrum/diencephalon - emotional aspects of behavior -hippocamus (memory) -cingulate gyrus -amygdala (fear response) -mammillary body |
|
|
Describe Epithamamus, Subthalamus, Thalamus, Hypothalamus (Diencephalon) |
Epithalamus = pineal gland - melatonin (sleep/wake) Subthalamus = subthalamic nuclei - control motor functions Thalamus = (4/5), intermediate mass, relay center for senses Hypothalamus - ANS |
|
|
Brainstem consists of . . |
Medulla, pons, midbrain |
|
|
Midbrain - Mesencephalon consists of . . (4) |
Corpora quadrigemina - sup/inf colliculi Cerebral peduncles - ascending and decending tracts Red nucleus - paired grey matter, connects cerebellum and cerebrum, coordinates muscle movements Substantia nigra - inhibits involuntary movements |
|
|
Metencephalon consists of . . . |
pons - ascending & descending tracts connecting brain & spinal cord, tracts connecting cerebellum, respiratory centers cerebellum |
|
|
Describe Cerebellum |
Seperated by transverse fissure w/ tetorium cerebelli 2 hemispheres w vermis convoluted gray matter / arbor vitae white matter attached to brain stem by 3 cerebral peduncles (tracts) |
|
|
Function of cerebellum |
coordinates skeletal movements, compares actual movement with intended and makes adjustments Needed for coordinated activities: throwing a ball, write, walk a straight line |
|
|
3 Cerebral Peduncles |
Superior - cerebellum w midbrain Middle - cerebellum w cerebellum Inferior - cerebellum with medulla |
|
|
Myelencephalon (medulla oblongata) Describe Gray and White matter |
Gray matter - cardiac, vasomotor, respiratory centers, and other (sneezing, vomiting, coughing) White matter - pyramids - anterior buldges from motor tracts, decussation - cross over of tracts from one side of body to other |
|
|
Reticular formation - RAS Describe and identify functions |
fibers and nuclei scattered through brainstem, spinal cord, and diencephalon Maintains consciousness, awakening from sleep |
|
|
Meninges (3) |
Dura mater - outermost, white fibrous CT >subdural space Arachnoid membrane - subarachnoid space (full of CSF), does not extend into sulci, arachnoid villi / granualtions - 1 way passage for CSF back to blood Pia mater - attached to surface of brain & SpC, highly vascular to support cells of CNS |
|
|
List the ventricles in order and locations |
-2 lateral - in R or L cereb hemisphere below corpus callosum -Interventricular foramina -3rd ventricle - diencephalon between thalami -cerebral aqueduct -4th ventricle - btwn pons, cerebellum, & medulla |
|
|
CSF What does it fill? Buoyancy? Ionic composition does what? Functions (2) Produced where? |
-fills ventricles, subaracnoid space, and central canal of SpC -neutral buoyancy -maintains neuronal signals -nourishment & protection -produced in choroid plexus |
|
|
Circulation of CSF |
Lateral ventricles > Interventricular foramina > 3rd ventricle > cerebral aqueduct > 4th ventricle > median & lateral aperatures > subarachnoid space > arachnoid villi > dural sinus > blood |
