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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the properties of neural networks? |
Neurons link together to create circuits to control functions. Show plasticity - change in response to past experiences or stimuli. Create affective and cognitive bhvrs. |
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Which type of reflex requires brain output? |
Cranial reflexes. Spinal reflexes bypass the brain. |
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What section of the brain dominates? What is it's function? |
The forebrain which contains the cerebrum which plays a role in cognition, memory and reasoning. |
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Describe the path of a signal with the following terms: nuclei, grey and white matter. |
1) Grey matter b/c this contains dendrites. 2) Nuclei b/c this contain unmyelinated cell bodies. 3) White matter b/c this contains myelinated axons. |
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Bones, membranes and ECF support the CNS. How are they further divided? |
Bones: skull and the vertebral column. Meninges: (bone), dura mater, arachnoid membrane, subarachnoid space, pia mater (spinal cord). ECF: blood, CSF (ventricles and subarachnoid space), interstitial fluid (pia mater) |
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Where is CSF made? How is it made? |
Made in the choroid plexus which lines the ventricles which draw in the solutes from plasma which draw in water because water follows salt. |
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What is the direction of flow of CSF through the brain? |
Lateral - third - central aqueduct - fourth - central canal -subarachnoid space - blood vessels. |
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What kind of pathologies can the CSF help indicate? How? |
The presence of these solutes indicates... white blood cells - infection red blood cells - bleeding abnormal cells - cancer/tumour |
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How does your body prevent the access of toxins to your brain? |
The blood brain barrier which is made by: - capillaries have tight rather than gap junctions. - capillaries are highly selective that only allow lipid soluble molecules through. - astrocytes whose paracrine signals promote formation of tight junctions, not gap. |
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What is the flow of information from the spinal cord to its' effectors? |
Dorsal root (posterior, carry sensory info) -> cervical, thoracic, lumbar and sacral regions -> ventral (anterior, carry motor info) |
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In what regions of spinal cord is the lateral column present? Why? |
Thoracolumbar (T1 - L2) because the lateral horn is associated with the sympathetic division of the autonomic system. |
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How is the white matter organized? What is it made of? |
Columns (= nerves) that look like two fitting C's. Ascending makes the dorsal C - takes sensory info to the brain. Descending makes the ventral C - takes motor info from the brain. |
