Central And Peripheral Nervous System

Front 1

Towards Central nervous system. Spinal cord and brain

Back 1

Afferent

Front 2

Away from brain and spinal cord

Back 2

Efferent

Front 3

Sending impulses to skeletal muscles and usually conscious control

Back 3

Somatic motor response

Front 4

Sending messages to smooth muscle and bladder and it's not under control

Back 4

Autonomic motor respo4

Front 5

Forms myelin sheaths in the peripheral nervous system

Back 5

Schwann cell

Front 6

It's purpose is to transmit impulses to the nerve cells body. Can have many of these, just 1 or none

Back 6

Dendrites

Front 7

Type of conduction through the cytoplasm using the high concentration of electrolytes in the nerve cells body

Back 7

Electrotonic conduction

Front 8

The exposed section of nerves

Back 8

Node of ranvier

Front 9

Nerve cells body meets the axon here. Has voltage gated channels here

Back 9

Axon hillock

Front 10

Type of neuron the has many dendrites, one axon and found in brain, spinal cord and peripheral nervous system

Back 10

Multipolar

Front 11

This type of neuron has 1 dendrite, 1 axon, sensory afferent neurons, and found in rods and cones of retina and in olfactory neurons

Back 11

Bipolar neuron

Front 12

This type of neuron has no true dendrites, and is found in almost all sensory neurons (such as pain,temp change,vibration). Doesn't transmit to nerve cells body

Back 12

Unipolar/pseudopolar neuron

Front 13

This is wrapped around capillaries in the brain and is the 1st component of the blood brain barrier.

Back 13

Foot processes of astrocytes

Front 14

2nd component of the blood brain barrier

Back 14

Tight junctions

Front 15

Protects the brain from harmful substances

Back 15

Blood brain barrier

Front 16

These line the ventricles of the brain and passages to other ventricles

Back 16

Ependymal cells

Front 17

CSF is formed here. There is 1 in each ventricle but the most developed are in the 2 lateral ventricles

Back 17

Coroid plexus

Front 18

These are the macrophages of the brain. They're part of our innate immune system

Back 18

Microglial cells

Front 19

These forms myelin sheaths in the central nervous system

Back 19

Oligodendrocyte

Front 20

2 ways speed of conduction is increased

Back 20

Larger axon and myelinated

Front 21

This is the type of conduction of an action potential (nerve impulses) in myelinated axons. This is much faster than unmyelinated axons send impulses.

Back 21

Saltatory conduction

Front 22

A bundle of axons located in the peripheral nervous system.

Back 22

Nerve

Front 23

If it can be damaging to tissues it is conducted in what type of nerve cell

Back 23

Type A delta

Front 24

Type A alpha,beta,gamma,delta

Back 24

Study this

Front 25

Bundles of axons with each 1 transmitting different type of info such as motor, sensory and autonomic

Back 25

Fascicle

Front 26

Bundle of axons and their myelin sheaths that can be ascending or descending in the CNS and connects spinal cord -brain, brains brain, brain spinal cord

Back 26

Tract

Front 27

Cluster of nerve cell bodies and their associated dendrites. Composes central part of spinal cord and outer part of brain

Back 27

Gray matter

Front 28

Composed of tracts located in the CNS, it's a cluster of gray matter positioned within white matter

Back 28

Nucleus

Front 29

Located in the PNS, a cluster of nerve cell bodies and their dendrites where axons synapse with dendrites

Back 29

Ganglion

Front 30

This is composed of tracts

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White matter

Front 31

This is where an axon terminates and releases a neurotransmitter.

Back 31

Synapse

Front 32

What effect does excitation postsynaptic potentials have on rmp

Back 32

Brings rmp closer to tp

Front 33

What effect does inhibitory postsynaptic membrane potentials have on rmp

Back 33

Moves rmp farther from tp

Front 34

When 2 or more impulses occurring on different dendritic membranes simultaneously via electrotonic conduction

Back 34

Spatial summation

Front 35

When impulses arrive over time at the same dendritic membrane

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Temporal summation

Front 36

What is sensory input that leads to motor or autonomic output and is the basic functional component of the nervous system

Back 36

Reflex arc

Front 37

When 2 neurons go to a single cell body. When this happens the output down the axon depends on the output of the 2 neurons. What is this called

Back 37

Convergent pathway

Front 38

When a single axons splits towards 2 separate cell bodies. Used if something is hot. Impulse travels to the spinal cord and back to skeletal muscles to remove hand. The other path goes to brain to allow the brain to analyze situation and compose an appropriate response. It can override the initial response

Back 38

Divergent pathway

Front 39

This pathway is characterized by periods of activity and periods of fatigue or inactivity. It has constant feedback. Examples are: sleep wake cycle, and respiratory cycle

Back 39

Oscillating pathway or circuit

Front 40

How fast does an injured axon take to repair itself when its split in 2.

Back 40

They can repair themselves if they are closely approximated. They can repair 1 mm every few days.