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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Redox reactions
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a chemical reaction involving the complete or partial transfer of one or more electrons from one reactant to another.
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reduction
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teh addition of electrons to a substance involved in a redox reaction
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pyruvate (pyruvic acid)
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used in the kreb cycle
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nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)
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a coenzyme tht can accept an electron and acts as an electron carrier in the electron transport chain
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ethanol
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a product of fermentation
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flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)
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the other electron acceptor.
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kinase
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allosteric enzyme
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glycolysis
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the splitting of glucose into pyruvate. starting point of fermentation or cellular respiration.
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hexokinase
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changed into G-3-P
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substrate level phosphorylation
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the formation of ATP by an enzyme directly transferring a phosphate group to ADP from an intermediate substarte in catabolism
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cytochromes
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an iron-containing protein taht is a componient of electron transport chain s in teh mitochondria and chloroplasts of eukaryotes cells and the plasma membanes of prokaryotic cells
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chemiosmosis
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a energy-coupling mechanism that uses energy stored in the form of a hydrogen ion gradient across a membrane to drive cellular work, such as the synthesis of ATP. most ATP synthesis in cells occurs by chemiosmosis.
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proton motive force
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The potential energy stored in the form of an elecrtochemical gradient, generated by th pumping of hydrogen ions across a biological membrane durin chemiosmosis
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feedback inhibition
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a method of metabolic control in which the end product of a metabolic pathway acts as an inhibitor of an enzyme within that pathway
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