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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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meiosis |
cell division resulting in 4 daughter cells, each one having half the genetic information of the parent cell. Examples: gametes and plant spores |
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diploid vs. haploid |
Diploid cells contain two complete sets (2n) of chromosomes. Haploid cells have one set, meaning half the number of chromosomes (n) |
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Sexual vs. Asexual reproduction |
sexual reproduction combines genetic material from two parents. Asexual reproduction is offspring from just one parent (usually identical) |
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gamete |
sex cell or reproductive cell with only half the genetic material needed to form a complete organism |
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zygote |
diploid cell resulting from the fusion of two haploid gametes; a fertilized ovum |
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homologous chromosomes |
chromosome pairs having the same type of information (genes located in the same areas) but one comes from mom and one from dad |
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crossing over |
the exchange of chromosome segments between non-sister chromatids during the production of gametes. tetrads cross arms to initiate exchange |
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tetrad |
four-part structure made in prophase of meiosis consisting of two homologous chromosomes, each with paired sister chromatids (4 total) |
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autosome vs sex chromosome |
Chromosomes that provide information for the growth and development of the body are called autosomes. Sex chromosomes determine sex. |
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binary fission |
type of asexual reproduction where prokaryotes like bacteria simply divide up the contents of their cell and separate into two new organisms |
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spore |
reproductive cell capable of developing into a new individual without fusing with another cell. |
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fertilization |
the fusion of two haploid gametes (example: sperm and egg) to create a diploid zygote |
