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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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what is a cells function |
carry out all chemical activities needed to sustain life |
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cells are the _____ ? _______ of all living things |
building blocks |
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what are groups of cells that are similar in structure and function? |
tissues |
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are all cells the same? |
no |
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all cells share what ? |
a general structure |
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what are the 3 main regions of all cells? |
nucleus cytoplasm plasma membrane (cell membrane) |
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describe nucleus |
control center of the brain. contains genetic material (DNA) |
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list 3 regions of nucleus |
nuclear envelope (membrane) nucleolus chromatin |
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describe nuclear envelope |
barrier of the nucleus double membrane contains nuclear pores that allow for exchange of material |
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describe nucleolus |
site of ribosome assembly-ribosomes migrate into cytoplasm through nuclear pores |
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does a cell have more than one nucleoli? |
yes |
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describe chromatin |
composed of DNA & protein present when the cell isn’t dividing scattered through nucleus condences to form chromosomes when the cell divides |
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what is the plasma membrane |
barrier for all cell content |
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what are the two phospholipid layers of the plasma membrane |
hydrophilic head hydrophobic tail |
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the plasma membrane also contains what? |
proteins. cholesterol. glycoproteins |
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define microvilli |
finger like projections that’s increase surface area for absorption |
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describe membrane junctions or tight junctions |
impermeable junction bind cells together into leakproof sheets |
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what is an anchoring junction that prevent cells from being pulled apart? |
desmosomes |
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what allows for communication between cells? |
gap junction |
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what is cytoplasm |
the material outside the nucleus and inside the plasma membrane |
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what are the 3 major elements of cytoplasm |
cytosol organelles inclusion |
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what is the fluid that suspends other elements |
cytosol |
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what are the little organs that perform function for the cell? |
organelles |
metabolic machinery of cell |
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what is the chemical substances such as stored nutrients or cell products |
inclusion |
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define cellular projections |
not found in all cells used for movement |
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what are two examples of cellular projections? |
cillia and flagella |
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where is cillia located |
in the respiratory system to move mucus |
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what does cillia help do |
move materials across cell surface |
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what does flagella do |
propel the cell to help it move around |
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what is the only flagellated cell in the body? |
sperm |
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what are cells that connect body parts? |
fibroblasts and erythrocytes |
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what are cells that cover and line body organs? |
epithelial cells |
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what are cells that move organs and body parts? |
skeletal muscle cells and smooth muscle cells |
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what are cells that store stuff |
fat cells |
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cells that fight diseases |
macrophage |
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what are cells that gather information and controls body functions |
nerve cells |
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what are cells of reproduction |
sperm |
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what is the movement of substances into and out of the cell |
membrane transport |
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what are the two basic methods of transport |
active and passive |
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define solution |
homogeneous mixture of two or more components |
whole cup of water and coolaid |
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define solvebt |
dissolving medium in smaller quantities within a solution |
water |
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solutes |
components in smaller quantities within a solution |
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what is the intracellular fluid |
nucleoplasm and cytoplasm |
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what is interstitial fluid |
fluid on exterior of cell |
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define selective permabity |
plasma membrane allows some materials to pass while excluding others |
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what is diffusion |
particles tend to distribute themselves evenly within a solution movement is from high concentration to low concentration |
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is diffusion active or passive |
passive |
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name types of diffusion |
simple osmosis facilitated filtration |
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define simple diffusion |
unassisted process. solutes are small enough to pass through membrane pores |
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what is facilitated diffusion |
substances require protein carrier |
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