Cells And Systems Vocab

Front 1

Organisms

Back 1

Living Things

Front 2

Metabolism

Back 2

All the life processes that take place in the cell.

Front 3

Stimulus

Back 3

Any type of change in an organ's environment.

Front 4

Structures

Back 4

Parts of an organism that perform specific tasks.

Front 5

Excretory System

Back 5

Removes chemical and gaseous wastes from the body.

Front 6

Integumentary System

Back 6

Protects the body's internal environment from the external environment

Front 7

OUTCOME NUMBER 2

Back 7

OUTCOME NUMBER 2

Front 8

Tissues

Back 8

A group of similar cells working together to perform a specific function

Front 9

Pseudopods

Back 9

Foot-like projections on an amoeba. Used for movement and capturing food.

Front 10

Cilia

Back 10

Hair-like extensions that protrude from the surface of some unicellular organisms and from some cells in multicellular organisms.

Front 11

Diffusion

Back 11

The movement of particles of a substance from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

Front 12

Osmosis

Back 12

Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane.

Front 13

Marrow

Back 13

Type of connective tissue found in the bones that produces red blood cells.

Front 14

Capillaries

Back 14

Tiny blood vessels that connect arteries to veins.

Front 15

Organelles

Back 15

Structures in cells that perform a certain function.

Front 16

Mycoplasma

Back 16

Type of microscopic organisms.

Front 17

Micro Organism

Back 17

Usually unicellular organisms that can be seen only through a microscope.

Front 18

Selectively Permeable

Back 18

Describes a membrane with very small openings that allow particles of some substances, but not others, to pass through.

Front 19

Specialized Cells

Back 19

Cells that have specific structures that help them to perform particular functions.

Front 20

OUTCOME NUMBER 3

Back 20

OUTCOME NUMBER 3

Front 21

Mechanical Digestion

Back 21

Physical breakdown of food into small particles.

Front 22

Chemical Digestion

Back 22

Breakdown of large food particles into smaller particles.

Front 23

Microvilli

Back 23

Finger like projections on the cells that line the singular microvillus.

Front 24

Arteries

Back 24

Thick walled blood vessels that take blood away from the heart to the rest of the body.

Front 25

Capillaries

Back 25

Tiny blood vessels that connect arteries to veins.

Front 26

White Blood Cells

Back 26

The cells of the immune system that are involved in defending the body against infectious disease and foreign material.

Front 27

Dialysis

Back 27

Removal of waste products from the blood using a machine that functions as a kidney.

Front 28

Nervous Tissue

Back 28

Tissues of the brain, spinal chord, and nerves.

Front 29

Neurons

Back 29

Specialized cells of the nervous system that receive and transmit information.

Front 30

Central Nervous System

Back 30

Division of the nervous system composed of the brain and spinal chord.

Front 31

Enzymes

Back 31

Substance created by the body to carry out chemical digestion.

Front 32

Peristalsis

Back 32

Wave-like muscle contractions along the digestive system.

Front 33

Gastric Juice

Back 33

Liquid in stomach made of mucus, hydrochloric acid, enzymes, and water. Chemically digests food.

Front 34

Villi

Back 34

Small finger-like projections on the inner surface of the small intestine that absorb nutrients.

Front 35

Bronchioles

Back 35

Tubes that connect the bronchi to the air sacs in the lungs.

Front 36

Alveoli

Back 36

Tiny air filled sacs in the lungs. The site of gas exchange.

Front 37

Atria

Back 37

Upper chambers of the heart that receive blood from the body and lungs.

Front 38

Ventricles

Back 38

Lower chambers of the heart that pump blood to the body.

Front 39

Platelets

Back 39

Cell fragments in the blood that help stop bleeding at cuts.

Front 40

Urea

Back 40

Poisonous substance converted from highly toxic ammonia by the liver.

Front 41

Nephrons

Back 41

Filtering units of the kidney that remove wastes from the blood and produce urine.

Front 42

Dendrites

Back 42

Small branches of a neuron that receive information from neighboring cells.

Front 43

Axon

Back 43

Long extension of a neuron's cell body that transmits information to neighboring cells.

Front 44

Peripheral Nervous System

Back 44

Division of the nervous system composed of the cranial and spinal nerves.

Front 45

Sensory Neurons

Back 45

Cells that carry information from the body to the central nervous system.

Front 46

Motor Neurons

Back 46

Carry information from the central nervous system to the muscles or other organisms.

Front 47

Somatic Nervous System

Back 47

Division of the peripheral nervous system that controls voluntary responses.

Front 48

Autonomic Nervous System

Back 48

Division of the peripheral nervous system that controls automatic responses in the body, such as heart rate.