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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Plasmid |
Small ring of DNA |
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Nucleus |
Contains genetic material that controls the activities of the cell. |
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Cell membrane |
Holds cell together and controls what goes in and out. |
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Mitochondria |
Most of reactions for aerobic respiration takes place. Respiration transfers energy. |
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Ribosomes |
Proteins are produced. |
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Cell wall |
Made of cellulose. Supports and strengthens the cell. |
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Chloroplasts |
Photosynthesis occurs, makes food for the plant. |
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Chlorophyll |
Green substance in chloroplasts; it absorbs light needed for photosynthesis. |
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How are sperm cells specialised for reproduction? |
To get male DNA to female DNA. -It has a long tail and a streamlined head to help it to swim to the egg. -There are a lot of mitochondria in the cell to provide energy. -Carries enzymes in its head to digest through the egg’s cell membrane. |
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How are nerve cells specialised for rapid signalling? |
To carry electrical signals from one part of the body to another. -They are long to cover more distance. -Branched connections at their ends to connect to other nerve cells and form a network throughout the body. |
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How are muscle cells specialised for contraction? |
To contract quickly. -They are long so have space to contract. -Contains lots of mitochondria to generate the energy needed for contraction. |
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How are root hair cells specialised for absorbing water and minerals? |
On the surface of plant roots. -Long hairs which stick out into the soil to give a larger surface area for absorbing water and mineral ions from the soil. |
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How are phloem and xylem cells specialised for transporting substances? |
Form phloem and xylem tubes which transport substances such as food and water around plants. -Long and joined end to end. -Xylem cells are hollow in the centre and phloem cells have very few sub-cellular structures so that substances can flow through them. |
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What is cell differentiation? |
The process by which a cell changes to become specialised for its job. They develop different sub-cellular structures and turn into different types of cells. |
