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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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basic unit of all organisms
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cells
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lipids w/ an attached phosphate group. plasma membranes are composed of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins
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phospholipid
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long, tangled strands of DNA found in the eukaryotic cell nucleus during interphase
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chromatin
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cell process following meiosis or mitosis in wh ich the cell's cytoplasm divides and separates into new cells
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cytokinesis
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group of plant organelles that are used for storage of starches, lipids, or pigments
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plastids
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diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane depending on the concentration of solutes on either side of the membrane
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osmosis
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organelle in eukaryoti cell nucleus that produces ribosomes
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nucleolus
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unicellular organisms like bacteria, lacks internal membrane-bound structures
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prokaryotes
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regulation of internal environment of maintaining conditions for survival.
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homeostasis
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cell growth phase where cell increases in size, carries on metabolism, and duplicates chromosome prior to division
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interphase
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energy-expending process by which cells transport materials across the cell membrane against a concentration gradient
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active transport
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eukaryotic membrane bound organelles that transform energy stored in food molecules into ATP; has a highly folded inner membrane that produced energy-storing molecules
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mitochondria
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a solution in which the concentration of dissolved substances in the solution is the same as the concentration of dissolved substances inside a cell.
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isotonic
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non-membrane bound organelles in the nucleus, where enzymes and other proteins are assembled
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ribosomes
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unicellular or multicellular organisms, such as yeast, plants, and animals, composed of cells which contain a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
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eukaryotes
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active transport process where a cell engulfs material with a portion of the cell's plasma membrane and releases the contents INside of the cell
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endocytosis
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period of nuclear cell division in which two dauther cells are formed, each containing a complete set of chromosomes
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mitosis
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membrane-bound structures within eukaryotic cells
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organelle
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hairlike projections composed of microtubules; wavelike motion; aid in feeling and locomotion
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cilia
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movement of particles across cell membranes by diffusion or ossmosis; the cell uses no energy to move particles across the membrane
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passive transport
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clear, gelatinous fluid in eukaryotic cells that suspends the cell's organelles and is the site of numerous chemical reactions
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cytoplasm
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serve as boundary between the cell and its environment; allows materials such as water and nutrientsto enter and waste products to leave
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plasma (cell) membrane
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passive transport of materials across a plasma membrane by transport proteins embedded in the plasma membrane
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facilitated diffusion
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chlorophyll-containing cell organelles found in the cells of green plants
captures light energy converted to chemical energy in food molecules |
chloroplasts
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long, hairlike projections composed of microtubules
help to propel ceclls and organisms by whiplike motion |
flagella
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shows that plasma membrane molecules are free to move sideways within the lipid bilayer
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fluid mosaic model
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in eukaryotic cells
central membrane-bound organelle that manages cell function and contains DNA |
nucleus
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feature of the plasma membrane that maintains homeostasis within a cell by allowing some molecules in the cell while keeping others out
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selective permeability
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firm, fairly rigid structure located outside of the plasma membrane of plants. provides support and protection
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cell wall
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membrane-bound fluid filled space in the cytoplasm of plant cells used for temporary storage of materials
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vacuole
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