Cell Structure, Function, Organelles Ch. 2-4

Front 1

cell membrane

Back 1

Regulates what enters or leaves the cell.
All cells have a cell membrane.
This outer boundary made of lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates.
Also called plasma membrane

Front 2

cytoplasm

Back 2

Everything between the cell membrane and the nuclear membrane.
(Liquid plus soilds)

Front 3

cytosol

Back 3

Liquid,jellylike, part of cytoplasm.
Includes: water, salts, proteins, fats, sugars.

Front 4

cell wall

Back 4

Supports and protects cell.

Nonliving, found in plants, bacteria, some protists, and fungi.

Front 5

organelles

Back 5

Part of a cell that carries out specific functiions for the cell.
They work like tiny organs (heart, liver) in our bodies.

Front 6

cell

Back 6

The smallest unit that can carry out all life functions.

Life processes include: reproduction, maintain homeostasis, respond to stimuli, etc)

Front 7

nucleus

Back 7

Control center of the cell.

Contains hereditary material (genetic material) your parents gave you.

Front 8

nuclear membrane

Back 8

regulates what enters or leaves the nucleus.

Double layered, has pores in it.

Front 9

DNA

Back 9

Hereditary material of cell.

Molecule that has the code of life on it.

Front 10

mRNA

Back 10

A copy of the DNA that directs organelles.

Front 11

chromatin

Back 11

Long strands (spaghetti like) of hereditary material in nucleus.

Hereditary material normally in long strands.

Front 12

chromosome

Back 12

Short chunky strands of hereditary material.

Chromatin shortens and folds up before a cell copies itself.

Front 13

nucleolus

Back 13

Area in nucleus were ribosomes and proteins are made.

Front 14

mitochondria

Back 14

Produce energy for the cell (ATP.

Mighty mito, powerhouse of the cell.
Lage surface area, folded membranes.

Front 15

lysosome

Back 15

Container for digestive enzymes inside the cell.
Made by the Golgi body, can digest small molecules or even whole cells.

Front 16

ribosome

Back 16

Site of protein synthesis.

Protein synthesis on the ribosome turns the food proteins you eat(amino acids) into your proteins.

Front 17

vacuoles

Back 17

Storage sac for food, water, or wastes inside the cell.

Front 18

vesicle

Back 18

Small vaculoes that move materials around the cell.

Front 19

edoplasmic reticulum

Back 19

Transports materials inside the cell.
Can be smooth (makes and transports fats) or rough (ribosomes attached, and moves proteins)

Front 20

Golgi body

Back 20

Packages and prepares proteins for cell use.

Works with ER in processing proteins and it makes lysosomes.

Front 21

cytoskeleton

Back 21

Maintains the cell shape, transports materials in the cell, and between cells.

Front 22

chloroplast

Back 22

Organelle that contains chlorophyll used in photosynthesis.

Front 23

centrioles

Back 23

Aids in cell division (animal cells).

Front 24

What do we cal the medicine that can prevent but not cure a disease?

Back 24

vaccine

Front 25

What organelle would destroy old dead cell parts?

Back 25

lysosome

Front 26

Why do most AIDS victums die from secondary diseases?

Back 26

The HIV destroys immune system to the point it cannot defeat other disease that are introduced into the body.

Front 27

A microscope that maginfies a million or more times and the specimen must be dead.

Back 27

TEM

Front 28

Three ways plant cells differ from animal cells?

Back 28

A. Cell walls
B. Chloroplasts
C. Larger vaculoes