Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
69 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Systems |
Groups of organs that work together |
|
|
Organs |
Groups of specialises cells that perform a common function. |
|
|
Eukaryote |
Contains membrane bound organelles. Eg plant and animal cells |
|
|
Election micriscop |
Scanning and transmission microscope |
|
|
Transmission electron microscope |
Can see inside a cell but the thing has to be dead. |
|
|
Prokaryotic cells |
Has no membrane bound organelles. They are smaller than eukaryotic cells |
|
|
Mitosis |
Process that Replaces cells |
|
|
Apoptosis |
Planned cell death. A healthy cell may undergo cell death for a number of reasons: * The cell hasn't developed properly * There are more then needed * The body no longer requires it |
|
|
Plasma membrane |
Flexible Separated cell contents from the environment Allows rapid absorption of lipid soluble substances Has a semi porous boundary |
|
|
Phospholipids |
Have polar heads and a fatty acid tails. |
|
|
Cholesterol |
Found inside the membrane It is a type of lipid- hydrophobic Help pack phospholipids into membrane- gives rigidly to the membrane |
|
|
Proteins |
Surface proteins: glycoproteins- proteins with carbohydrates attached
Transmembrane proteins: They pass from one side of the membrane to the other. |
|
|
Cell walls |
Rigid outer layer surrounding. The cell membrane Found in plants, algi, fungi, Bactria and not found in animals Provides protection and shape Plants: cellulose, a polysaccharide Fungi- chitin a polysaccharide structurally similar to cellulose Bacteria- peptidoglycan (a polymer made of polysaccharides and amino acids) |
|
|
Nucleus |
Is one of the biggest organelles It contains our DNA The DNS codes for the proteins It is a double membrane It has little holes in it called nucleopause The nucleopause releases RNA
|
|
|
Cytosol |
Fluid mainly water containing dissolves substances Within the Cytosol contains a whole lot of different organelles |
|
|
Mitochondria |
The power house of the cell It is the site of cellular respiration The site of cellular respiration is where ATP is being produced |
|
|
Chloroplasts |
Can see them under a light microscope Contain two membranes A Grana is a stack of thylakoid membranes |
|
|
Chloroplasts |
Can see them under a light microscope Contain two membranes A Grana is a stack of thylakoid membranes |
|
|
Stroma |
Gel like matrix The enzymes in the stroma are involved in the photosynthesis reactions |
|
|
Chloroplasts |
Can see them under a light microscope Contain two membranes A Grana is a stack of thylakoid membranes |
|
|
Stroma |
Gel like matrix The enzymes in the stroma are involved in the photosynthesis reactions |
|
|
Ribosomes |
They are very small and you need an electron microscope to see them They can be both prokaryote and Proteinsynthesis |
|
|
Chloroplasts |
Can see them under a light microscope Contain two membranes A Grana is a stack of thylakoid membranes |
|
|
Stroma |
Gel like matrix The enzymes in the stroma are involved in the photosynthesis reactions |
|
|
Ribosomes |
They are very small and you need an electron microscope to see them They can be both prokaryote and Proteinsynthesis |
|
|
Endoplasmic reticulum |
Involved with transport within a cell It is a highly folded membrane There are two types- rough and smooth Rough: ribosomes are connected to it Smooth: no ribosomes Phospholipid and fatty acid production occurs Usually surrounds the nucleus |
|
|
Chloroplasts |
Can see them under a light microscope Contain two membranes A Grana is a stack of thylakoid membranes |
|
|
Stroma |
Gel like matrix The enzymes in the stroma are involved in the photosynthesis reactions |
|
|
Ribosomes |
They are very small and you need an electron microscope to see them They can be both prokaryote and Proteinsynthesis |
|
|
Endoplasmic reticulum |
Involved with transport within a cell It is a highly folded membrane There are two types- rough and smooth Rough: ribosomes are connected to it Smooth: no ribosomes Phospholipid and fatty acid production occurs Usually surrounds the nucleus |
|
|
Golgi apparatus |
Network of folded membranes Always surrounded by vesicles It shifts different proteins out of cells eg. Hormones and enzymes
|
|
|
Chloroplasts |
Can see them under a light microscope Contain two membranes A Grana is a stack of thylakoid membranes |
|
|
Stroma |
Gel like matrix The enzymes in the stroma are involved in the photosynthesis reactions |
|
|
Ribosomes |
They are very small and you need an electron microscope to see them They can be both prokaryote and Proteinsynthesis |
|
|
Endoplasmic reticulum |
Involved with transport within a cell It is a highly folded membrane There are two types- rough and smooth Rough: ribosomes are connected to it Smooth: no ribosomes Phospholipid and fatty acid production occurs Usually surrounds the nucleus |
|
|
Golgi apparatus |
Network of folded membranes Always surrounded by vesicles It shifts different proteins out of cells eg. Hormones and enzymes
|
|
|
Lysosomes |
They are fluid-filled sacs constraining dissolved digestive enzymes The digestive enzymes destroy damaged molecules from within or outside the cell Digestive enzymes digest substances that are no longer needed within the cell |
|
|
Peroxisomes |
Found ukatyituc cells They are small membrane bound organelles rich in the enzyme catalase and irate oxidase. This prevents the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide- helps to Detoxify
|
|
|
Peroxisomes |
Found ukatyituc cells They are small membrane bound organelles rich in the enzyme catalase and irate oxidase. This prevents the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide- helps to Detoxify
|
|
|
Endosomes |
Found in animal cells When material enters a cell by endocytosis, endoscopes sometimes pass on the newly ingested material to lysosomes for digestion. |
|
|
Vacuole |
Membrane bound cavities used for storage Large vacuoles are found in plant cells and small vacuoles are found in animal cells |
|
|
Vacuole |
Membrane bound cavities used for storage Large vacuoles are found in plant cells and small vacuoles are found in animal cells |
|
|
Flagella |
Long whip like structure used for locomotion Closed in an extension of the cell membrane |
|
|
Vacuole |
Membrane bound cavities used for storage Large vacuoles are found in plant cells and small vacuoles are found in animal cells |
|
|
Flagella |
Long whip like structure used for locomotion Closed in an extension of the cell membrane |
|
|
Cilia |
They are quite small They work like an oar Used for locomotion |
|
|
Vacuole |
Membrane bound cavities used for storage Large vacuoles are found in plant cells and small vacuoles are found in animal cells |
|
|
Flagella |
Long whip like structure used for locomotion Closed in an extension of the cell membrane |
|
|
Cilia |
They are quite small They work like an oar Used for locomotion |
|
|
Cytoskeleton |
A network of contractile proteins and Microtubels Helps keep a cells shape Anchors organelles Responsible for cell contractile and movement within the cell
Microtubels: are hollow and made up of subunits of protein Tubulin
Microfilaments: are solid, thinner and more glue one and are made of actin Intermediate filaments: are made of a variety of proteins depending on the particular cells, and are very tough
|
|
|
Vacuole |
Membrane bound cavities used for storage Large vacuoles are found in plant cells and small vacuoles are found in animal cells |
|
|
Flagella |
Long whip like structure used for locomotion Closed in an extension of the cell membrane |
|
|
Cilia |
They are quite small They work like an oar Used for locomotion |
|
|
Cytoskeleton |
A network of contractile proteins and Microtubels Helps keep a cells shape Anchors organelles Responsible for cell contractile and movement within the cell
Microtubels: are hollow and made up of subunits of protein Tubulin
Microfilaments: are solid, thinner and more glue one and are made of actin Intermediate filaments: are made of a variety of proteins depending on the particular cells, and are very tough
|
|
|
Occlusion junctions: |
Cell menranes one together in contact with each other, but there is no movement of materials between cells |
|
|
Vacuole |
Membrane bound cavities used for storage Large vacuoles are found in plant cells and small vacuoles are found in animal cells |
|
|
Flagella |
Long whip like structure used for locomotion Closed in an extension of the cell membrane |
|
|
Cilia |
They are quite small They work like an oar Used for locomotion |
|
|
Cytoskeleton |
A network of contractile proteins and Microtubels Helps keep a cells shape Anchors organelles Responsible for cell contractile and movement within the cell
Microtubels: are hollow and made up of subunits of protein Tubulin
Microfilaments: are solid, thinner and more glue one and are made of actin Intermediate filaments: are made of a variety of proteins depending on the particular cells, and are very tough
|
|
|
Occlusion junctions: |
Cell menranes one together in contact with each other, but there is no movement of materials between cells |
|
|
Communicating junctions |
Small, open changed directly link the cytoplasm of adjacent cells, permitting passage of different substances, including electrical impulses |
|
|
Vacuole |
Membrane bound cavities used for storage Large vacuoles are found in plant cells and small vacuoles are found in animal cells |
|
|
Flagella |
Long whip like structure used for locomotion Closed in an extension of the cell membrane |
|
|
Cilia |
They are quite small They work like an oar Used for locomotion |
|
|
Cytoskeleton |
A network of contractile proteins and Microtubels Helps keep a cells shape Anchors organelles Responsible for cell contractile and movement within the cell
Microtubels: are hollow and made up of subunits of protein Tubulin
Microfilaments: are solid, thinner and more glue one and are made of actin Intermediate filaments: are made of a variety of proteins depending on the particular cells, and are very tough
|
|
|
Occlusion junctions: |
Cell menranes one together in contact with each other, but there is no movement of materials between cells |
|
|
Communicating junctions |
Small, open changed directly link the cytoplasm of adjacent cells, permitting passage of different substances, including electrical impulses |
|
|
Anchoring junctions |
Help hold cells together in tissues that are subject to stretching eg: skin, uterus |
|
|
Plasmodesmata |
Connects membrane to membrane, extending across adjacent walls, connecting the cytoplasm of neighbouring cells Allows for cell-to-cell communication between a large number of cells |
