Cell Parts, Meiosis, Mitosis

Front 1

What is basic unit (building block) of any organism?

Back 1

Cells

Front 2

Organisms that consists of one cell are called?

Back 2

One-celled organsims

Front 3

Give two example of organisms with only one cell

Back 3

amoeba, plankton

Front 4

In multicellular organisms cells of a specific type combine to form ______ which form an ______ which form a ______.

Back 4

tissue, organ, organ system

Front 5

cells consists of subunits, which have special functions.

Back 5

organelle

Front 6

cells with nucleus are called.

Back 6

eukaryotic cells

Front 7

Eukaryotic cells are.

Back 7

animals, fungi

Front 8

What parts of a cell can you see with a light microscope?

Back 8

cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, bacteria on cell

Front 9

What parts of a plant cell can you see in an electron microscope?

Back 9

cell wall, cell membrane, mitochondria, rough endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, nucleus, smooth endoplasmic reticulum, chloroplast, vacuole.

Front 10

What parts of an animal cell can you see with an electron microscope?

Back 10

nucleus membrane, pores, nucleus, cell membrane, rough endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus, mitochondria, cytoplasm, ribosomes

Front 11

Why was the development from light microscopes to electron microscopes so important?

Back 11

With light microscopes you can only see some of the organelles while with an electron microscope you can see all of the organelles

Front 12

give three structural differences between plant and animal cells.

Back 12

chloroplast, cell wall, vacuole.

Front 13

what is the name of the molecule that makes up the plants cell wall?

Back 13

cellulose

Front 14

how large are animal and plant cells?

Back 14

Ca 50 micrometers

Front 15

Which organelle has a double membrane?

Back 15

Nucleus

Front 16

describe the function of DNA

Back 16

Holds the blueprint for every feature of the body. They carry the information needed to make proteins, including the enzymes needed for most of the processes going on in the cell

Front 17

What is the function of the cell surface membrane?

Back 17

It controls the entry of substances into and out of the cell

Front 18

What is the function of the mitochondria?

Back 18

Site of most of the stages in aerobic cell respiration. provides the cell with energy in ATP form

Front 19

Define aerobic cell respiration

Back 19

a series of reactions using oxygen in which energy is transferred from organic compounds, such as carbohydrates, to the temporary energy storage molecule ATP

Front 20

Energy storage molecules in the cell are called?

Back 20

ATP

Front 21

In which organelle does protein synthesis take place?

Back 21

ribosomes

Front 22

give three examples of different types of protein molecules cells make

Back 22

hemoglobin, hormones (insulin), enzymes ( needed for all chemical reactions)

Front 23

What happens in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

Back 23

Enzymes that are important are found here. eg: synthesising fats, phospholipids, steroids

Front 24

What does the golgi apparatus do?

Back 24

Receives substances from the endoplasmic reticulum and packages the proteins for export out of cell

Front 25

What to lysosomes do?

Back 25

has digestive enzymes to break down molecules (janitors)

Front 26

What are chloroplasts used for?

Back 26

photosynthesis

Front 27

explain photosynthesis

Back 27

take up carbon dioxide (CO2) and uses the energy from the sunlight to convert it to carbohydrates and other useful organic substances

Front 28

What is the large vacuole filled with?

Back 28

water

Front 29

what does turgid mean?

Back 29

a cell that is filled with water

Front 30

do plant cells have mitochondria?

Back 30

yes

Front 31

what are the characteristics of a prokaryotic cell?

Back 31

flagellum, no nucleus, circular DNA, plasmid, slimy capsule, pili, small ribosomes

Front 32

Name one prokaryotic cell

Back 32

E.Coli

Front 33

Name a human cell that has a flagellum

Back 33

sperm

Front 34

What is the function of the slimy capsule?

Back 34

So the bacteria doesn't dry out

Front 35

What is the main function of the cell membrane?

Back 35

controls the movement of substances into and out of cell, keeps the cell content together and separate from other cells, allows communication between cells

Front 36

When the membrane bends to let particles in, what is it called?

Back 36

endocytosis

Front 37

"cell eating" is called

Back 37

phagocytosis

Front 38

Give two examples of phagosytosis

Back 38

unicellular animals, white blood cells

Front 39

Organelle which contains digestive enzymes to break down molecules or old organelles

Back 39

lysosomes

Front 40

organelle where aerobic respiration takes place to produce ATP from sugar and oxygen

Back 40

mitochondria

Front 41

the molecules that makes up the plant cell wals

Back 41

cellulose

Front 42

Phosphate head

Back 42

hydrophilic (loves water)

Front 43

2 tails with fatty acids

Back 43

hydrophobic (hates water)

Front 44

Proteins that goes through the membrane

Back 44

integral proteins

Front 45

Proteins that sits on the outside of the membrane

Back 45

peripheral proteins

Front 46

regulates stiffness of the membrane

Back 46

cholesterol

Front 47

Works as receptors which sits on the proteins or phospholipids

Back 47

carbohydrates

Front 48

has a head that likes water and a tail that hates water

Back 48

Phospholipids

Front 49

transport which does not require energy

Back 49

passive transport

Front 50

osmosis?

Back 50

low salutes move to high salutes, high salutes move to low salutes

Front 51

needs energy in the form of ATP

Back 51

active transport

Front 52

being a cell

Back 52

interphase

Front 53

cell growth and protein production

Back 53

G1

Front 54

DNA copies itself for mitosis (DNA synthesis)

Back 54

S

Front 55

Cell gets ready for mitosis (makes new organelles)

Back 55

G2

Front 56

Nuclear division

Back 56

Mitosis

Front 57

Centrioles move to poles, spindle microtubules being forming, nucleus disappear, sister chromatids become visible

Back 57

Prophase

Front 58

Sister chromatids line up at equator, spindle microtubules attach to the centromeres

Back 58

Metaphase

Front 59

spindle fibres pull apart sister chromatids

Back 59

Anaphase

Front 60

Chromosomes arrive at pole, spindle microtubules disappear, nucleus forms

Back 60

Telophase

Front 61

cell membrane pinches off in animal cells, new cell plate begins to form between new plant cell

Back 61

cytokinisis

Front 62

is used to make gametes

Back 62

meiosis