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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cell Membrane |
Controls what comes into and out of a cell; found in plant and animal cells |
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Cell Wall |
Rigid outer layer of a plant cell |
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Cytoplasm |
Gel-like fluid where organelles are found |
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Mitochondria |
Produces the energy the cell needs to carry out its functions |
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Lysosomes |
Uses chemicals to break down food and worn out cell parts |
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Vacuoles |
Stores food, water, wastes, and other materials |
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Golgi Bodies |
Receives proteins and materials from the E.R., packages them, and distributes them |
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Chloroplasts |
Captures energy from the sunlight and uses it to produce food in a plant cell |
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Endoplasmic Reticulum |
Has passageways that carry proteins and other materials from one part of the cell to another |
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Ribosomes |
Assembles amino acids to create proteins |
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Nucleus |
Contains DNA, which controls the functions of the cell and production of proteins |
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Chromatin |
Tiny strands inside the nucleus that contain the instructions for directing the cell's functions |
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Nucleolus |
Found inside the nucleus and produces ribosomes |
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Cell Theory |
1. All living things are made of one or more cells 2. Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living things 3. All cells come from preexisting cells |
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Organisms |
Larger organisms have more cells than smaller ones |
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Cell size |
Most cells are invisible to the naked eye |
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Microscopes |
A tool used to help make the cells and microbes more visible |
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Anton von Leeuwenhoek |
ONe of the first to use a simple microscope |
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Microbe |
A unicellular organism |
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Larger and more complex cells |
Have greater energy requirements than smaller cells |
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Every Cell Contains; |
Genetic material, a cellular membrane, and cytoplasm |
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Cell Structure |
Helps the functions of the certain cell |
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Eukaryotic Cells |
Animal, plant, and fungi |
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Metabolism |
The process of taking in nutrients, extracting energy, and eliminating waste |
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Viruses |
Cannot survive on their own, no basic organelles of cells other than genetic material |
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Prokaryotic Cells |
Bacteria, and archaea |
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Prokaryotic Cell Age |
first appeared on Earth about 3.9 billion years ago |
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Eukaryotic Cell Age |
appeared later, 2 billion years ago |
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Prokaryote |
Simple, and smaller |
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Eukaryote |
More complex, and larger |
