Cell Organelles And The Cell Cycle

Front 1

Cell Wall

Back 1

Helps retain shape, made of cellulose (Plant Cell Only)

Front 2

Central Vacuole

Back 2

Filled with water, used for storage. Keeps pressure in the cell. (Plant Cell Only)

Front 3

Chloroplast

Back 3

Captures light energy; photosynthesis takes place here (Plant Cell Only)

Front 4

Leukoplast

Back 4

Provides storage for Starches (also lipids, proteins) Plant Cell Only

Front 5

Chromoplast

Back 5

Provides storage for pigments; place of pigment synthesis. Plant Cell Only

Front 6

Plasma (Cell) Membrane

Back 6

Made of a phospholipid bilayer. Semipermeable layer which helps provide shape for the cell while allowing certain things in and out of the cell.

Front 7

Cytosol

Back 7

gel-like fluid which holds cell organelles in place

Front 8

Cytoplasm

Back 8

site of chemical reactions; consisting of cytosol and the organelles it contains

Front 9

Cytoskeleton (made of microtubules)

Back 9

the 'monorail' of the cell. Allows materials to move around the cell.

Front 10

Nucleus

Back 10

Contains genetic material of cell; within nuclear envelope

Front 11

Nuclear Membrane

Back 11

separates contents of nucleus from the cytoplasm; made of a phospholipid bilayer

Front 12

Nuclear Pores

Back 12

transports water-soluble molecules across the nuclear envelope

Front 13

Chromatin

Back 13

Package DNA into smaller volume to fit into the cell; controls dna replication, strengthen dna

Front 14

Nucleolus

Back 14

contains RNA
makes ribosomes

Front 15

Ribosomes

Back 15

Translate messenger RNA, Builds proteins

Front 16

Rough ER

Back 16

transports proteins; contains ribosomes

Front 17

Smooth ER

Back 17

transports proteins; lacks ribosomes

Front 18

Golgi Apparatus

Back 18

Packages and processes proteins

Front 19

Vesicles/Vacuoles

Back 19

sacs which store water, food, waste and proteins

Front 20

Lysosomes and Peroxisomes

Back 20

'digest stuff': aka: bacteria, food, the cell itself, old nonworking cell parts; 'suicide sacs'

Front 21

Mitochondria

Back 21

"cellular power plants" generate energy for cell; cellular respiration occurs here

Front 22

Microtubules

Back 22

Piping that allows movement in the cell; (cilia, flagellum)

Front 23

Centriole

Back 23

aids in cell division; helps chromosomes seperate

Front 24

Microfilaments

Back 24

filaments of cytoskeleton; move organelles around cell

Front 25

Interphase

Back 25

Cell is preparing for mitosis to begin, genetic material being copied

Front 26

Diploid

Back 26

A cell contaning a full set of genetic material

Front 27

Haploid

Back 27

A cell containing half of the genetic material

Front 28

Prophase

Back 28

Chromatin condenses into chromosomes; nuclear membrane breaks down; centrioles move to opposite ends of the cell

Front 29

Metaphase

Back 29

Chromosomes line up across the cell

Front 30

Anaphase

Back 30

Centrioles pull chromosomes apart to poles of cell

Front 31

Telophase

Back 31

genetic material repackaged, 2 new nuclei form

Front 32

Cytokenesis

Back 32

Cells divide into two new cells

Front 33

What is the basic anatomy of a chromosome?

Back 33

2 chromatids attached by a centromere

Front 34

How do animal cells divide?

Back 34

A cleavage furrow forms, then the two cells divide by 'pinching off'

Front 35

How do plant cells divide?

Back 35

A cell plate made of cellulose forms and becomes the cell wall

Front 36

What is the product of meiosis?

Back 36

4 sperm or 1 egg and 3 polar bodies which are absorbed into the ovary

Front 37

What are the differences between the cell cycle and meiosis?

Back 37

2 diploid cells vs 4 haploid cells
1 cell division vs 2 cell divisions
non sex cells vs only sex cells