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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Nucleus |
The central part of the cell that controls all its functions (like the brain). Found in eukaryotic cells. |
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Nucleolus |
The site of ribosome synthesis and contains genetic make-up. |
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Cell Membrane |
Made of small molecules- creates a flexible, porous container for the cell (selectively permeable). |
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Cell Wall |
Only found in plant cells- made of cellulous (structural carb) that keeps their shape and protects the cells. |
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Cytoskeleton |
A composition of protein filaments in the cytoplasm of a cell. Intercellular proteins that help with shape, support and movement. Animals cell- 10-30 micrometers Plant cell- 10-100 micrometers
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Endoplasmic Reticulum |
Wraps around the nucleus Smooth=no ribosomes (transports lipids and proteins) Rough=ribosomes (makes proteins)
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Ribosomes |
Makes proteins |
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Golgi Apparatus |
1. An organelle that packages molecules for storage and to send out of the cell.
2. Builds lysosomes 3. Gathers simple molecules and combines them into more complex molecules 4. Puts them into "sacks" and stores them or sends them out of the cell 5. In plant cells it creates complex sugar 6. A series of pancake-shaped membranes 7. Surrounds an area of fluid where complex molecules are stored |
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Cilia |
Short, small, hair-like fibers outside the cell that move back and forth to propel the cell (only animal cells) |
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Flagella |
Long, whip-like tails that move the cell in and "S" motion. No more than 3 per cell, mostly in animal cells. |
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Vacuole |
1. Vacuoles are large membrane bound sacks that store undigested nutrients
2. In animal cells there are several smaller vacuoles 3. Flower petals 4. Vacuoles are like a fridge because they contain and store nutrients |
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Lysosomes |
1. Lysosomes are mainly in animal cells (and plant cells)
2. Membrane bound sacks 3. Contain digestives enzymes that break down macromolecules 4. Fuses with food vacuoles and exposes it to the enzymes 5. Gets rid of bad bacteria 6. Lysosomes can digest other organelles 7. Take in unwanted materials |
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Mitochondria |
1. Powerhouse
2. Shaped to maximise productivity 3. Like skin 4. Folds over and creates layers (cristae) 5. Matrix (fluid) 6. 4 parts 7. Breaks nutrients down into energy 8. Keeps cells energy 9. Found in most eukaryotic cells |
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Chloroplast and Chlorophyll |
1. Only in plant cells
2. Contains a green pigment that absorbs light and converts it into energy 3. Produces energy, amino acids and lipid components 4. Chlorophyll causes photosynthesis 5. Makes plants green |
