Cell Organelles

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Organelles

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They are tiny cell structures that carry out specific functions within the cell.

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Cell wall

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is a rigid layer of nonliving material that surrounds the cells of plants and some other organisms.Found in plants and in bacteria. Supports+protects.

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Cell membrane

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controls what substances come into and out of a cell. Barrier between the cell and it's enviornment.

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Nucleus

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is the cell's control center, directing all of the cell's activities.
Nuclear envelope: Protects chromatin.(DNA)
materials pass in and out through the pores.
Nucleolus: Produces ribosomes.

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Cytoplasm

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is a gel-like fluid in which many different organelles are found.It is between the cell membrane and nucleus.Suspends the organelles. Dissolves important chemicals needed for life.

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Mitochondria

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are known as the "powerhouses" of the cell because they convert energy in food molecules to energy the cell can use to carry out its functions. Requires oxygen.

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Endoplasmic reticulum

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passageways carry proteins and other materials from one part of the cell to another. Rough ER transports proteins from ribosomes to the Golgi body,rER IS covered in ribosomes.
Smooth Er produces and transports fats throughout the cell.

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Ribosome

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Found in the cytoplasm or endoplasmicreticulum. function is to produce proteins. Read RNA instructions and use them to make proteins.

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Golgi body

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receive proteins from the rER, sorts them and packages them and send them to other parts of the cell. They also release materials outside the cell.send outside of the cell, membrane or lysosome.

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Chloroplast

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These organelles capture energy from the sunlight and use it to produce food for the cell (photosynthesis). Oxygen is a waste product.

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Vacuole

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animal cells store food, water, waste, and other materials.Animal cells have many small ones or none at all.Plant cells have one LARGE one.

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Lysosome

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These small organelles contain chemicals (digestive enzymes) that break down food particles and worn-out organelles.

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Nuclear envelope

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the envelope that surrounds the nucleus.

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Chromatin (DNA)

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Strands that contain genetic material, the instructions for directing the cell's functions.INSTRUCTIONS=GENES
Copies of genes are called RNA.

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Nucleolus

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is where the ribosomes are made.