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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Array of the chromosomes found in an individual's cells arranged in order of size and shape
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Karyotype
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Karyotype
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Condition in which a diploid cell has an extra chromosome.
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Trisomy
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Trisomy
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A syndrome of congenital defects,especially mental retardation, resulting from an additional copy of chromosome21.
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Down syndrome
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Down syndrome
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Accident in chromosome separation when one daughter cell receives both chromosomes and the other daughter cell receives none.
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Nondisjunction
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Nondisjunction
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Procedure in which a sample of amniotic fluid is withdrawn and tested of genetic abnormalities in a fetus.
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Amniocentesis
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Amniocentesis
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Fetal-testing procedure in which pieces of the chorionic villi in a mother's uterus are removed and examined for genetic abnormalities.
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Chorionic villi sampling
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Chorionic villi sampling
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Change in the DNA of a gene or chromosome.
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Mutation
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Mutation
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Mutation in which a nucleotide or segment of DNA is lost.
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Deletion
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Deletion
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Form of mutation in which a chromosome contains an extra copy of a segment of DNA.
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Duplication
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Duplication
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Mutation in which a chromosome fragment rejoins its original chromosome with its nucleotides reversed.
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Inversion
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Inversion
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Form of mutation caused by a chromosome fragment joining a nonhomologous chromosome during cell division.
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Translocation
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Translocation
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A chromosome that is not directly involved in determining sex.
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Autosomes
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Autosomes
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Cellular structure on which genes are located.
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Chromosome
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Chromosome
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One of a pair of strands of DNA that make up a chromosome during meiosis or mitosis.
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Chromatid
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Chromatid
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The two chromatids are attached by a protein disk at a point.
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Centromere
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Centromere
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Chromosomes that are similar in shape, size, and the genes they carry.
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Homologous chromosomes
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Homologous chromosomes
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Term used to indicate cell containing two homologues of each chromosome.
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Diploid
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Diploid
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Haploid cell that participates in fertilization by fusing with another haploid cell.
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Gamete
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Gamete
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Having only one set of chromosomes.
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Haploid
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Haploid
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Fertilized egg cell
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Zygote
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Zygote
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Chromosomes that differ between males and females.
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Sex chromosomes
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Sex chromosomes
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Form of asexual reproduction that produces identical offspring.
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Binary fission
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Binary fission
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Repeating five-phase sequence of eukaryotic cell growth and division.
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Cell cycle
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Cell cycle
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Process in which the nucleus of a cell divides into two unclei, each with the same number and kind of chromosome.
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Mitosis
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Mitosis
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Division of the cytoplasm.
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Cytokinesis
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Cytokinesis
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Period of growth between two mitotic or meiotic divisions of a eukaryotic cell.
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Interphase
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Interphase
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Network of hollow protein cables that form between separated centrioles and move chromosomes apart.
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Spindle fibers
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Spindle fibers
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Disk of protein on a chromosome's centromere to which microtubules attach during mitosis and meiosis.
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Kinetochore
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Kinetochore
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An asexual,resting, reproductive,haploid cell.
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Spore
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Spore
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The exchange of reciprocal segments of DNA by chromosomes at the beginning of meiosis;source of genetic recombination.
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Crossing over
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Crossing over
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In meiosis,term used to indicate the reduction of the number of chromomsomes(by half)when the cytoplasm divides.
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Reduction division
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Reduction division
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Section of chromosome that codes for a protein or RNA molecule.
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Gene
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Gene
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Rearrangement of genetic material.
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Genetic recombination
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Genetic recombination
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