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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cytoplasm
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Thick substance, flows within the cell. It is composed of water, gases and waste nutrients. It also *holds* organelles.
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Endoplasmic reticulum smooth
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Membrane parallel to the endoplasmic reticulum rough. It fastens to cell membrane and nuclear membrane. No ribosomes are attached.
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Endoplasmic reticulum rough
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membrane that is parallel to endoplasmic reticulum smooth. Fastens to cell membrane and nuclear membrane. It also provides a surface for ribosomes.
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Ribosome
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It attaches to endoplasmic reticulum rough. It's made out of ribonucleic acid. It contained enzymes that control protein synthesis.
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Mitochondria
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Uses O2 to make energy, this energy supports all cell activities. It also helps control the amount of water in the cytoplasm and is involved in breaking down sugars, fatty acids and amino acids. It is located at the center of respiration in the cell. The mitochondria has two membranes which contain fat and protein and is a rod shape
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Lysosome
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It breaks up large molecules that the cell takes in. It also breaks down protien and has very concentrated enzymes that if ruptured they would destroy the cell.
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Golgi apparatus
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It receives molecules of protien from the endoplasmic reticulum, wraps them up into single bundles which goes to the cell's membrane to be exported. This is how hormones, enzymes and ither types of proteins are secreted.
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Vacuole
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Is a fluid (mainly water) that may contain food or waste in plants. the vacular membrane controls movement of molecules from vacuole into the cell
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Chloroplast
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PLANTS ONLY. photosynthesis occurs here (converts Sun's energy into carbs) and it contains chlorophyll
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Cell Wall
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PLANTS ONLY. Protects and supports the cell. The primary wall is made of cellulose and protein. It is thin and on both sides of the middle lamella. The middle lamella is jelly like.
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Nucleus
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Control center for all cell activities and takes part and controls cell division. It's also circular in shape.
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Nuclear membrane
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Thin double membrane that allows certain substances to pass from the nucleus to the cytoplasm
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Nucleoplasm
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Thick, rich in protein, fluid that holds the nucleolus.
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Nucleolus
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Takes part in protien synthesis and produces ribosomes
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Chromosome
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Controls the activities of the cell, info on heredity, structure and function. It's made of genes (DNA -deoxribonucleic acid- and protein) and is a granular material.
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Cell membrane
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The cell membrane is in the outer edge (animal cell) and under the cell wall (plant cell). Each layer contains protein and liquids. it has two layers, not a solid and has pores to allow substances into and/or out of the cell.
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