Cell Energy

Front 1

plant during photosynthesis

Back 1

producer/human

Front 2

humans or mammals eating things

Back 2

consumer/hetertroph

Front 3

ATP

Back 3

a form of usable energy with three posphate groups.

Front 4

photosynthesis

Back 4

the conversion of light energy into usable energy in the chloroplasts in a plant cell.

Front 5

shaped like a bean, contain stacks of thylakoids called grana. Location of all light reactions of the cell take more specifically in the thylakoid membrane.

Back 5

chloroplasts

Front 6

pigments & accessory pigments

Back 6

take in light energy to photosystem 2 and 1, and charge electrons.

Front 7

6CO2 + 6H2O + (light) = C6H12O6

+ 6O2

Back 7

photosynthesis formula

Front 8

6CO2 6H2O (light)

Back 8

reactants of photosynthesis formula

Front 9

C6H12O6 6O2

Back 9

products of photosynthesis formula

Front 10

photosystem 2

Back 10

electrons are first charged and where water is broken up

Front 11

photosystem 1

Back 11

the used up electrons are re-charged and taken to the stoma by NADH+

Front 12

ATP Synthase

Back 12

hydrogen ions are diffused through this protein, charging it and giving it energy to make ATP

Front 13

Electron Transport Chain

Back 13

the electrons are being paced on from protein to protein as their energy is being used up.

Front 14

active transport is involved through the passage of hydrogen ions through the thylakoid membrane. This works towards a concentration gradient and eventually ends up charging the ATP synthase.

Back 14

How is active transport involved in making ATP?

Front 15

in the thylakoid membrane, and in cytochrome C and the ATP Synthase

Back 15

Where is the active transport used?

Front 16

(6 NADH and 2 FADH2) pick up the recharged electrons and brings them to the stoma where the calvin cycle occurs

Back 16

what do electron carriers do?

Front 17

its a carbon source for the whole cycle

Back 17

What is the role of CO2

Front 18

after the carbon is released in the form of sugar, more CO2 comes in and the entire cycle restarts.

Back 18

why is the Calvin cycle considered a cycle

Front 19

temperature, amount of carbon, light intensity

Back 19

conditions that affect the growth rate

Front 20

6O2 + C6H12O6 = 6CO2 + 6H2O

Back 20

cell respiration formula

Front 21

6 CO2 C6H12O6

Back 21

reactants of cell respiration formula

Front 22

6CO2 6H2O

Back 22

products of cell respiration formula

Front 23

its the photosynthesis equation but backwards

Back 23

how does it relate to the photosynthesis formula

Front 24

glucose 2ATP 4ADP 2NAD+ + H+

Back 24

reactants of glycolysis

Front 25

2 pyruvate 4 ATP 2ADP +P 2NADH

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products of glycolysis

Front 26

both animals and plants in the cytoplasm of the cell

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where can Glycolysis occur

Front 27

the NADH and the ATP can go to the Krebs cycle (if it has oxygen) or the NADH drops the electrons off to the lactic acid

Back 27

where can the electrons go after glycolysis

Front 28

NADH, NADPH, FADH2, and O2 at the end of ETC

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what are the electron carriers

Front 29

Anaerobic Respiration

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the type of respiration that does not need oxygen

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aerobic respiration

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type of respiration that needs oxygen

Front 31

2 Pyruvate, NAD+

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reactants of the krebs cycle

Front 32

2( 4NADH, 1ATP, 1FADH2, 3CO2) because it happens twice for every glucose

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products of the Krebs cycle

Front 33

The ETC, NADH and FADH2 drop off their electrons into the thylakoid membrane. The electrons then go through from protein to protein as their energy is being used up. After they have no energy, a 1/2 O molecule picks them up, finds 2 hydrogen molecules and forms water

Back 33

what occurs in the electron transport chain

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2

Back 34

glycolysis produces ______ ATP

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2

Back 35

Krebs cycle produces ______ ATP.

Front 36

34

Back 36

ETC produces _____ ATP

Front 37

36

Back 37

total amount of ATP produces in Respiration

Front 38

there would nothing to pick up the final electron at the end of the ETC. If nothing were to pick these electrons up, all three cycles would become backed up and you would stop

Back 38

why is oxygen so important

Front 39

lactic acid, 2 Co2, 2ATP

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products of lactic acid fermentation

Front 40

2 Ethanol, CO2, 2 ATP

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products of alcoholic fermentation

Front 41

Its basically a backup plan just in case the cells are not getting oxygen. All it does is it just slows down the process or stops it just long enough for the body to get more oxygen to pick up the final electrons.

Back 41

what does fermentation do for organisms that do not get O2?

Front 42

few seconds

Back 42

how long does ATP storage last

Front 43

The amount of extra oxygen required by muscle tissue to oxidize lactic acid and replenish depleted ATP and phosphocreatine following vigorous exercise.

Back 43

what is oxygen debt

Front 44

photosynthesis occurs only in plants, respiration occurs in plants and animals. Photosynthesis is a much faster and more efficient way to make food

Back 44

Photosynthesis vs. respiration

Front 45

the more carbon we added, the faster the disks raised, by they did reach a maximum rate.

Back 45

spinach disks and the changed variable