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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cellular Respiration equation
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Glucose + O2 => CO2 + water + energy
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Photosynthesis equation
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Energy + CO2 + water => oxygen + glucose
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mitochondria
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powerhouse of the cell. Site of cellular respiration
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chloroplast
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found in plants. site of photosynthesis
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aerobic process
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a process requiring oxygen
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anaerobic process
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a process that does NOT require oxygen
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ATP |
energy molecule used by cells in many reactions |
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carbohydrate |
a macromolecule that stores energy such as glucose |
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cellular respiration |
Pathway in which organic molecules (such as glucose) are broken down to release energy for use by the cell |
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chemiosmosis |
movement of protons against a concentration gradient to generate ATP |
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chloroplast |
double membraned organelle that captures light energy and converts it to chemical energy in the process of photosynthesis. |
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chlorophyll
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pigment that absorbs light energy in plants located in the thylakoid of the chloroplasts in plants.
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Light Dependent Reactions
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First phase of photosynthesis in plants. Requires sunlight and produces oxygen from water. Excited electrons enter photosystems. Occurs in thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts.
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Light Independent Reactions (Calvin Cycle)
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Second phase of photosynthesis in plants. Does not require sunlight. CO2 is fixed and glucose is produced. Occurs in stroma of chloroplasts.
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Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs)
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2nd stage of cellular respiration. Occurs in mitochondria and produces CO2, ATP and electrons.
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Fermentation
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metabolic process to convert sugar to acid or alcohol to produce energy in bacteria or yeast or when oxygen is not available.
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Oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport chain)
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Process occurs in the mitochondria and releases a large amount of energy (ATP). Part of cellular respiration. Requires oxygen.
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electron transport chain |
A series of proteins that transfer electrons from electron donors to electron acceptors and couples this with the transfer of protons (H+ ions) across a membrane to produce ATP. |
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endosymbiotic theory |
explains that eukaryotic cells may have evolved from prokaryotic cells. |
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glucose |
a simple carbohydrate that is used by cells to make ATP |
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glycolysis |
an anaerobic process that splits glucose into two pyruvate molecules |
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granum |
one of the stacks of pigment-containing thylakoids in a plant's chloroplasts |
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metabolism |
all of the chemical reactions that occur within an organism |
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mitochondria |
membrane-bound organelle that converts fuel into energy that the cell can use |
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photosynthesis |
two phase pathway in which the sun's energy is converted to chemical energy for use by the cell |
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pigment |
light absorbing colored molecule such as chlorophyll or caratenoid in the chloroplasts. |
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stroma |
fluid filled space outside the grana in the chloroplast. Site of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis |
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thylakoid |
In the chloroplast, one of the stacked, flattened, pigment containing membranes where the light dependent reactions take place during photosynthesis. |
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thermodynamics |
study of the flow and transformation of energy in the universe |
