Cell Division Notes

Front 1

Between cell divisions, DNA is long and stringy and exists as

Back 1

Chromatin

Front 2

DNA makes a________of itself before cell division.

Back 2

copy

Front 3

In eukaryotes, the DNA wraps around proteins to make a compact

structure called a

Back 3

chromosome

Front 4

The two copies of DNA make up the two identical halves of

chromosomes. Each half is called a

Back 4

sister chromatid

Front 5

The two chromatids are attached at a point called a

Back 5

centromere

Front 6

When the cell divides, each of the two new cells will receive one

chromatid from each

Back 6

chromosome

Front 7

Humans have____pairs of chromosomes for a total of____chromosomes IN EACH CELL’S NUCLEUS.

Back 7

23……46

Front 8

The structure of a chromosome (KNOW CENTROMERE AND

CHROMATIDS)

Front 9

Cell division

Back 9

is the process by which cells reproduce.

Front 10

Binary Fission

Back 10

is the process of cell division in prokaryotes.

Front 11

Mitosis

Back 11

is the process of cell division in eukaryotes.

Front 12

Mitosis results in___new cells with genetic material that is

__________ to the genetic material of the original cell.

Back 12

2 , identical

Front 13

Mitosis occurs in organisms undergoing_____,_____,_____,____.

Back 13

Growth, development, Repair, or asexual

reproduction .

Front 14

Asexual reproduction

Back 14

is the production of offspring

from one parent.

Front 15

One example of asexual reproduction is ________seen in

bacteria.

Back 15

binary fission

Front 16

The _____ is the repeating set of events in the life of a cell.

Back 16

cell cycle

Front 17

The time between cell division is called _____________.

Back 17

interphase

Front 18

interphase consists of three phases:

Back 18

a). growth of the cell

b). replication of the DNA (synthesis)

Front 19

Mitosis is the division of the ______, which occurs during cell

division.

Back 19

nucleus

Front 20

Mitosis is divided into stages:

Back 20

Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase.

Front 21

Mitosis results in ___ daughter cells that are genetically identical to

the original cell.

Back 21

2

Front 22

prophase is the first phase of mitosis:

Back 22

a) Chromatin condenses to form __chromosomes________.

b) The nucleolus and the nuclear membrane break down and

___disappear______.

c) In animal cells, cylindrical bodies called centrioles appear which

produce __spindle fibers .

Front 23

Prophase:

Front 24

Metaphase is the 2nd phase of mitosis:

Back 24

a) Spindle fibers attach to the __centromere______ of the chromosomes and move them to the center of the dividing cell.

Front 25

Metaphase:

Front 26

The third step of mitosis is Anaphase:

Back 26

a) The chromatids of each chromosome separate at the centromere

and slowly move toward the opposite poles of the dividing cell.

Front 27

Anaphase:

Front 28

The fourth step of mitosis is Telophase:

Back 28

a) The spindle fibers disassemble

b) the chromosomes return to a less tightly coiled chromatin

state.

Front 29

Telophase:

Front 30

During _____________ in animal cells, a ____________

pinches in and eventually separates the dividing cell into two cells.

Back 30

cytokenesis , a contractile ring

Front 31

In plant cells, a ____ separates the dividing cell into two

cells.

Back 31

cell plate

Front 32

Cytokinesis in animal cells:

Front 33

Cell division in eukaryotes is controlled by _________ called

cyclins.

Back 33

proteins

Front 34

Cancer

Back 34

may result if cells do not respond to control

mechanisms and continue to divide nonstop.

Front 35

When the same type of cells normally divide to make a group of cells

that perform the same function, they form a ______________

Back 35

tissue

Front 36

A group of tissues that work together form an __________

Back 36

organ

Front 37

A group of organs that work together form an _______

Back 37

Organ system.

Front 38

All of the organ systems together form an ___________

Back 38

organism