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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Plasma Membrane |
regulates the movement of molecules into and out of the cytoplasm |
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Difference between Prokaryote and Eukaryote |
Prokaryote does not have a nucleus and only bacteria and archaea are prokaryotes; all other organisms are eukaryotes |
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List organelles that are membranous |
1. nucleus 2. ER 3. golgi apparatus 4. vacuoles and vesicles 5. lysosomes 6. peroxisome 7. mitochondrian 8. chloroplast |
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What are the unique structures of a plant cell? |
1. large central vacuole 2. cell wall 3. chloroplast 4. centrosome lacks centrioles |
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What are the unique structures of an animal cell? |
1. small vacuoles 2. centrosome has centrioles |
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ribosome |
carries out protein synthesis |
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golgi apparatus |
processes, packages, and distributes poteins and lipids |
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centrosome |
the main microtubule-organizing center of the cell, divides before mitosis - (surrounds the centriole) |
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lysosome |
digests macromolecules |
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cytoskeleton |
maintains cell shape and assists movement of cell parts |
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function of the rough ER |
protein synthesis |
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During what phase does the nucleus appear normal and the cell is performing its usual functions? |
interphase |
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DNA replication occurs when? |
at the end of interphase |
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centromere |
is what holds together the two sister chromatids |
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mitosis |
nucleur division - new nuclei receive the same number of chromosomes as the parental nucleus |
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cytokenesis |
when the cytoplasm divides and two daughter cells are produced |
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meiosis |
nucleur division for sexually reproducing organisms |
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State the steps of Interphase |
G1 - growth S - growth and DNA replication G2 - growth and final preparations for division |
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Stages of Mitosis |
Prophase Prometaphase Metaphase Anaphase Telephase
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Centriole |
two barrel-shaped organelles in each centrosome and asters (only in animal cells) that contain microtubules and are associated with the formation of the spindle during cell division |
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aster |
(animal cell only) short, radiating fibers produced by the centrioles |
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Parent cell |
the cell that divides and produces daughter cells |
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during what stage of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur? |
S phase |
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Name the phase of cell division during which separation of sister chromatids occurs? |
Anaphase |
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what structure forms in plant cells during cytokinesis? |
cell wall |
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early prophase |
centrosomes have duplicated. chromatin is condensing into chromosomes and nuclear envelope is fragmenting |
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prophase |
nucleolus has disappeared, and duplicated chromosomes are visible. Centrosomes begin moving apart, and spindle is in process of forming |
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prometaphase |
the kinetochore of each chromatid is attached to a kinetochore spindle fiber. Polar spindle fibers stretch from each spindle pole and overlap
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Metaphase |
centromeres of duplicated chromosomes are aligned at the metaphase plate. Kinetochore spindle fibers attached to the sister chromatids come from opposite spindle poles |
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Anaphase |
sister chromatids part and become daughter chromosomes that move toward the spindle poles. Each pole receives the same number and kinds of chromosomes as the parent cell |
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Telophase |
daughter cells are forming as nuclear envelopes and nucleoli reappear. Chromosomes will become indistinct chromatin |
