Cell Division

Front 1

Restriction checkpoint.

Back 1

Decides the fate of the cell - whether it will become specialized or die (apoptosis).

Front 2

S phase

Back 2

S for synthesis - the genetic material replicates.

Front 3

G1 and G2 phase

Back 3

G1= Cell growth which accumulates with restriction checkpoint.

G2 = duplicated materiel is checked for errors and repaired by enzymes.

Front 4

Apoptisis

Back 4

Is a form of cell death.

Front 5

Cytokinesis

Back 5

Division of the cytoplasm.

Front 6

Mitosis

Back 6

Division of the nucleus.

Front 7

Interphase

Back 7

The phase between successive mitotic divisions of a cell,

Phase of cell duplication and growth.

Front 8

Prophase

Back 8

1st phase of mitosis.

Chromosomes becomes visible

Has two identical portions of chromatids

Nuclear envelope and nucleolus disperse.

Special fibers called spindle fibers form on each end of the cell, and grow toward the DNA chromosomes.

Front 9

Metaphase

Back 9

2rd phase of mitosis.

The chromosomes line up midway between the centrioles.

Centromeres attached trough the fibers of centrioles.

Front 10

Anaphase.

Back 10

3rd phase of mitosis.

The centromeres pulls apart via the spindle fibers resulting in a separation of the chromosomes in each end of the cell.

Front 11

Telophase

Back 11

4 phase of mitosis.

Reverse of prophase - chromosomes untangles into chromatin.

Nuclei and nuclear envelopes form.

Front 12

Cytoplasmic division

Back 12

(cytokinesis)

Begins during anaphase

When the cell membrane starts constrict down the middle - cleavage furrow.

Front 13

Cell differentiation

Back 13

Process of cell-specialization.

Stem cells provide new cells for growth and repair.