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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Gene |
unit of DNA on a chromosome that is encoded with the instructions for a single protein |
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chromosome |
coiled structure made of DNA and proteins containing sister chromatids that is the form in which the genetic material of a cell goes through cell division |
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DNA |
double-stranded nucleic acid that makes up genes and chromosomes |
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Centromere |
region of sister chromatids where they are joined together |
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Tumor |
abnormal mass of cells that may be cancerous |
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Egg |
female gamete |
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Autosome |
chromosomes 1–22 in humans that contain genes for characteristics unrelated to sex |
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diploid |
having two of each type of chromosome |
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mitosis |
process in which the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell divides |
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interphase |
stage of the eukaryotic cell cycle when the cell grows, synthesizes DNA, and prepares to divide |
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homologous chromosome |
pair of chromosomes that have the same size and shape and contain the same genes |
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chromatin |
grainy material that DNA forms when it is not coiled into chromosomes |
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histone |
hhh |
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chromatid |
one of two identical copies of a chromosome that are joined together at a centromere before a cell divideschromatin |
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cancer |
disease that occurs when the cell cycle is no longer regulated and cells divide out of control |
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sperm |
male gamete |
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karyotype |
xxx |
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haploid |
having only one chromosome of each type |
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zygote |
diploid cell that forms when two haploid gametes unite during fertilization |
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meiosis |
type of cell division in which the number of chromosomes is reduced by half and four haploid cells result |
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cytokinesis |
splitting of the cytoplasm to form daughter cells when a cell divides |
