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7 Cards in this Set
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Interphase |
Interphase is made up of three subphases: G1, S, G2 -Gap 1 (G1):cell growth and normal functions - DNA synthesis (S): copies DNA - Gap 2(G2):additional growth - Mitosis(M): includes division of the cell nucleus (mitosis) and division of the cell cytoplasm (cytokinesis) |
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Mitosis |
Mitosis occurs only if the cell is large enough and the DNA undamaged. The purpose of Mitosis is cell division: making two cells out of one. In mitosis, the chromosomes have to break apart so that each new cell only has one set of chromosomes. Mitosis is divided into four phases: Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telephase. |
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Prophase |
Prophase is characterized by four events: Chromatin condenses to become chromosomes. The nuclear membrane (envelope) disappears. Centrioles have separated ans moved to opposite sides of the cell. Spindle fibers form a bridge between the end of the cell. |
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Metaphase |
Chromosomes line up across the center of the cell. Each chromosomes attaches to a spindle fiber at its centromere. |
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Anaphase |
Centromeres that join the sister chromatids split. Sister chromatids separate becoming individual chromosomes. Separated chromatids move to opposite sides of the cell. |
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Telophase |
Chromosomes each consisting of a single chromatid begin to lose their rod like appearance. They are becoming chromatin again. |
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Cytokinesis |
Cytokinesis is the division of the cytoplasm into two individual cells. The process of cytokinesis differs somewhat in plant and animal cells. In animal cells the cell membrane pinches the cell into two nearly daughter cell. In plant cells a structure known as a cell plate for me midway between the two nucleus, which gradually develop into a separating membrane. |
