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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what are the functions of the plasma membrane? |
+ controls flow of substances in/out of the cell + helps identify cell to other cells + intracellular signaling
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What are the components of the cytoplasm? |
+ cytosol (intracellular fluid) + organelles (structures floating in cytosol) |
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What are the functions of the nucleus? |
+houses cell DNA, which controls mst aspects of cellular sturcture/function |
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What are the structures within the nucleus? |
+ chromosomes + nucleolis |
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What is a chromosome and what does it contain? |
+one cell of DNA, and it contains genes |
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The lipid bilayer is MODERATELY PERMEABLE to which two substances? |
+ urea and water |
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The lipid bilayer is IMPERMEABLE to what substance? |
+ sugar! |
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The lipid bilayer is HIGHLY PERMEABLE to what three things? |
+ CO2, O2, & steroids |
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What are the types of PASSIVE TRANSPORT? |
+ simple diffusion + facilitated diffusion
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What is simple diffusion? |
diffusion without the help pf transport proteins; stuff moves across the plasma membrane |
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What is facilitated diffusion? |
Diffusion with the help if transport protein to get stuff across the plasma membrane |
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What are the TWO types of facilitated diffusion? |
+ channel mediated and carrier mediated |
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What is channel mediated facilitated diffusion? |
When the solute moves down the concentration gradient via a membrane channel |
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What is carrier mediated facilitated diffusion? |
solute moves down the concentration gradient without cellular energy |
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what is ACTIVE TRANSPORT? |
moving against the concentration gradient |
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what is PRIMARY active transport? |
using ATP hydrolysis as energy to power the change in shape of a protein |
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what is SECONDARY active transport? |
using the energy of something moving down the concentration gradient in order to move against the concentration gradient (sodium potassium pump) |
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what are the different levels of protein organization? |
primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary structures |
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what is the PRIMARY structure of a protein? |
the amino acid sequence in the polypeptide chain |
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what is the SECONDARY structure of a protein? |
alpha helix/beta-pleated sheets |
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what is the TERTIARY structure of a protein? |
3D structure that determines its function |
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what is the QUARTERNARY structure of a protein? |
the arrangement of individual polypeptide chains (more than one chain) |
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what does the fluid mosaic model describe? |
the plasma membrane |
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what are the components of the fluid mosaic model? |
phosopholipid bilayer, glycolipids, carbohydrate chain, glycoprotein, internal/external surface membranes |
