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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The direct, unaided movement of solute molecules into and through the lipid bilayer in the direction dictated by the difference in the concentrations of the solute on the two sides of the membrane. This is known as
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simple diffusion
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This is the process of moving solutes down their free energy gradient in the direction of thermodynamic equilibrium.
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Facilitated diffusion
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in this process, transport proteins mediate the movement of solutes, moving them against their respective free energy gradients in an energy-requiring process.
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active transport
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Does simple diffusion require energy?
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No
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Does facilitated diffusion require energy?
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No
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Does active transport require energy?
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yes
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What are the three types of diffusion?
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Active transport, facilitated diffusion, and Simple diffusion
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Which of the three types of diffusion are mediated by a carrier protein?
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Facilitated diffusion and active transport
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Which type of diffusion deals with the smallest molecules?
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Simple diffusion
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what is simple diffusion?
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The unassisted net movement of a solute from a region where its concentraition is higher to a region where its concentration is lower.
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What is the driving force in Active Transport in order to move the endergonic inward transport of potassium ions and the outward transport of sodium ions against their concentration gradient?
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The exergonic hydrolysis of ATP.
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What 4 subunits of the sodium potassium pump provide the binding site for ATP
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2 alpha subunits held by 2 beta subunits
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What is E1, the conformation state of the sodium potassium pump?
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it is open to the inside of the cell and has a high affinity for 3 Na
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What are the terms of E2, the conformational state of the sodium potassium pump
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open to the outside witha high affinity for 2 potassium ions.
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what is the formula to calculate the inward change in energy of uncharged solutes?
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=RT (ln Concentrion in/ Concentration out)
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What is the formula to calculate the inward change in energy of charged solutes?
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=RT (ln concentration in/ concentration out)+ zFVm
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What is the Faraday constant?
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23,062 cal/mol
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What is Vm
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Membrane potential in volts
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What is the R constant in determining change in G?
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1.987 cal/mol
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What are receptors made of?
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proteins
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This process deals with the movement of water across membranes
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Osmosis
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This type of cell exhibits a shriveled appearance; outside of cell high solute concentration, low water
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hypertonic
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what is an isotonic cell
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normal, outside and inside concentration is equal
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hypotonic cell
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Lysed, high concentration of solutes in the cell, low conc. outside
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which is more rapid facilitated diffusion or simple diffusion
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facilitated diffusion
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this type of diffusion involve charged, highly polar molecules.
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facilitated diffusion
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what are the two types of transport proteins?
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Uniport and coupled transport
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uniport is responsible for carrying how many proteins?
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1
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what are the two types of coupled transport?
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Symport and Antiport?
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Which directions do transport proteins go in symport coupled transport
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same direction
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Which direction do transport membranes go in antiport coupled transport
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The go in opposite directions
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