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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is DNA?
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the genetic material for all living organisms. It is a molecule that stores and transmits genetic information (related mainly to the synthesis of proteins).
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When was an active time for research/discovery of DNA?
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the 1950s
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How is DNA measured?
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By counting the bases. DNA content and numbers of genes in cells from various organisms
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What are genes?
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Sequences of DNA that code for proteins
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What is important about Mycoplasma genitalium?
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It has the fewest number of genes (482) in any organism yet identified
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What is the size of the gene?
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The amount of DNA
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Humans have how many kpb?
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3,000,000 kilo base pairs
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What is assembled from nucleotides?
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Nucleic Acids (DNA/RNA)
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What are nucleotides?
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A 5 carbon sugar (deoxyribose, ribose), an organic nitrogen containing base, and a phosphate group
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What's the chemical difference between deoxyribose and ribose?
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Deoxyribose is lacking an oxygen in one place giving it just (H)
Ribose has the oxygen (OH) |
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What is a Purine?
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two ring structure (A&G)
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What is a Pyrimidine?
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One ring structure (C, U, &T)
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Where is DNA located?
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Majority is in the nucleus, but small amount is found in mitochondria and chloroplasts
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What is DNA storage in the nucleus like?
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DNA is combined with proteins, chromosomes made of chromatin, chromatin composed of DNA and protein, fully extended DNA in cell would measure about 2 meters in length, and cell making new copies of DNA- replicating just before the cell divides so each cell has a set of DNA
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What is DNA storage in the mitochondria and chloroplasts?
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DNA is not combined with proteins
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