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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Leukocyte activators / "primes" ---
name 3 of them |
TNF - α
C5a Platelet Activating Factor (PAF) |
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Chemotactic agents (4)
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N-formylated peptides (bacteria)
C5a (early neutrophils) Leukotrine B4 (LT B4) IL-8 |
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name two major opsonins
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Fc fragment of IgG
C3b / C3bi |
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FEVER is mediated primarily through what cytokines?
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IL - 1
TNF - α |
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Describe the FEVER pathway
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IL - 1 stimulates PROSTAGLANDIN synthesis in hypothalamus ALTERS BODY TEMPERATURE SET POINTS
TNF - α releases IL-1 |
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What cytokine ALTERS THE BODY TEMPERATURE SET POINT?
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IL - 1
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ACUTE PHASE PROTEINS produced by the liver are mediated by action of what cytokine?
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IL - 6
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Name 4 ACUTE PHASE PROTEINS made by hepatocytes
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C-Reactive Protein
Serum Amyloid A (SAA) Complement Coagulation Factors (especially fibrinogen) |
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Pain is mediated by what 2 products?
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Prostaglandins
Bradykinin |
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PHOSPHOLIPASES--
inhibited by? activated by? |
CORTICOSTEROIDS [inhibits]
PLATELET ACTIVATING FACTOR (PAF) [activates] |
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List the arachidonic acid metabolite that causes--
Pain, Fever, and Vasodilation? Vascular Permeability? Chemotaxis? |
Prostaglandins (pain, fever, vasodilation)
Leukotrienes (vascular permeability) Leukotriene B4 (chemotaxis) |
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What secretes PLATELET ACTIVATING FACTOR (PAF) ?
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leukocytes
endothelial cells injured cells |
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Mast / Basophil cells release VASOACTIVE AMINES when stimulated by what 3 things?
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IgE
C3a & C5a IL - 1 & IL - 8 |
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Platelets release VASOACTIVE AMINES when stimulated by what 3 things?
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Thrombin
contact with COLLAGEN (due to damage) Platelet Activating Factor (from mast cells) |
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What cytokine increases avidity of leukocyte INTEGRINS ?
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C5a
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What cytokine upregulates the LIPOXYGENASE PATHWAY of arachidonic acid metabolism?
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C5a
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iNOS from MACROPHAGES are induced when activated by what 2 cytokines?
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TNF - α
INF - γ |
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What are the MAJOR INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES?
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IL - 1
TNF - α IL - 8 |
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What causes FEVER, increased sleep, NEUTROPHILIA, elevated Acute Phase Proteins?
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IL - 1
TNF - α |
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What "activates" ENDOTHELIAL Cells?
--increased leukocyte adherence --increases production of eicosanoids --NO --vasoactive amines |
IL - 1
TNF - α |
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What causes PROLIFERATION of fibroblasts and INCREASED COLLAGEN synthesis?
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IL - 1
TNF - α |
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VASODILATION is mediated by what 3 things?
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Prostaglandins
Histamine and Serotonin Nitric Oxide |
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VASCULAR PERMEABILITY is mediated by what 6 things?
Va C B L P P |
Vasoactive Amines (histamine and serotonin)
C3a and C5a Bradykinin Leukotrienes PAF Substance P |
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WBC adhesion is at first loose (tethering / rolling) due to ? from endothelial cells
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Selectins
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Firm adhesion "latching" of WBC to endothelial cells involves ? and ?
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ICAM
INTEGRIN |
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What stimulates LEUKOCYTE adhesion molecules?
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C5a
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What stimulates ENDOTHELIAL adhesion molecules?
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IL - 1
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