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183 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Where are two places that are not supplied by lymphatic vessels?
|
Brain (CNS) and placenta
|
|
|
True or False: blood can be manufactured by the lymphatic system when the primary source is pathophysiologically compromised?
|
TRUE
|
|
|
By what time should the umbilical cord drop off? and if not what is this indicative of?
|
by 2 weeks. if not indicative of congenital defect of immune system.
|
|
|
When is the thymus at its largest relative to body? and when is its the heaviest?
|
largest shortly after birth;<br />greatest weight at puberty
|
|
|
What lymph nodes are common bef 2 years of age?
|
inguinal, occipital, postauricular. more likely to have significance after 2 years of age
|
|
|
What lymph nodes are uncommon during first year, but very common in older children?
|
cervical and submandibular
|
|
|
During pregnancy, leukocyte number increases from 7200cells/mm3 to how many?
|
8500cells/mm3
|
|
|
the nodes of older people are more likely to be...
|
fibrotic and fatty
|
|
|
where are peyers patches found?
|
the mucosa of the small intestine
|
|
|
Lymph nodes are surrounded by a capsule composed of...
|
connective tissue and a few elastic fibrils
|
|
|
The harder the node and the more discrete, the more likely...
|
malignancy
|
|
|
The more tender a node, the more likely...
|
inflammation
|
|
|
A palpable supraclavicular node is a significant clue to...
|
thoracic or abdominal malignancy
|
|
|
Lymphadenopathy
|
enlarged lymph nodes
|
|
|
lymphadenitis
|
inflamed and enlarged lymph nodes
|
|
|
lymphangitis
|
inflammation of lymphatics that drain an area of infection; tender, erythematous streaks extend proximally from the infected area.
|
|
|
lymphedema
|
edematous swelling due to excess accumulation of lymph fluid in tissues caused by inadequate lymph drainage
|
|
|
lymphangioma
|
congenital malformation of dilated lymphatics
|
|
|
Shotty nodes are...
|
small nodes that feel like BBs under the skin
|
|
|
fluctuant nodes have a...
|
wavelike motion that is felt when the node is palpated
|
|
|
matted nodes are....
|
groups of nodes that fell connected and seem to move as a unit
|
|
|
_______ do not transilluminate but _______ do.
|
nodes do not and fluid filled cysts do
|
|
|
Infections of the ear drain to what nodes...
|
preauricular, retropharyngeal, and deep cervical nodes
|
|
|
what may cause temporary axillary node enlargement?
|
immunizations, particularly BCG and smallpox
|
|
|
where would you palpate the epitrochlear nodes?
|
in the groove between the triceps and the biceps.
|
|
|
What drugs can cause nodal enlargement?
|
diphenylhydantoin, aspirin, barbiturates, penicillin, iodide, cephalosporin, sulfonamide, mesantoin.
|
|
|
Which is more at risk for malignancy, posterior cervical lymphadenopathy or anterior cervical lymphadenopathy?
|
posterior cervical lymphadenopathy
|
|
|
What are mumps?
|
epidemic parotiditis- painful swelling of the parotid glands and occasionally other salivary glands as well.
|
|
|
Common childhood diseases and Hep A and B present where?
|
posterior cervical nodes
|
|
|
What node warns of malignancy?
|
the supraclavicular
|
|
|
If an enlarged lymph node is found, what do you examine?
|
PALS; primary site, all associated nodes, liver, spleen
|
|
|
Cancerous nodes are tender. T/F?
|
False, they are not tender
|
|
|
Infections of the ear drain to...
|
preauricular, retropharyngeal and deep cervical nodes
|
|
|
Fixation of nodes to underlying tissue is indicative of what?
|
most commonly metastatic cancer, but also of chronic inflammation
|
|
|
In TB lymph nodes in cervical chain are often...
|
"cold", soft, matted and not tender or painful
|
|
|
A submandibular/cervical node less than ___ and a inguinal node less than___ are normal.
|
subman: 1cm<br />inguinal: 2cm
|
|
|
A thyroglossal duct cyst may simulate lymph node enlargement. how would you differentiate b/w the two?
|
thyroglossal duct cyst would be midline in the neck and may retract when the tongue is protruded.
|
|
|
Disorders of the lymph system present with 3 physical signs...
|
lymphadenopathy (enlargement of the nodes)<br />lymphangitis (red streaks in the skin)<br />lymphedema (edematous swelling due to excess accumulation due to inadequate lymph drainage)
|
|
|
Where are posterior cervical nodes found?
|
anterior border of trapezius muscle
|
|
|
where are the superficial cervical nodes found?
|
at the SCM
|
|
|
What is a virchow node?
|
a supraclavicular node. a virchow node on the left may be indicative of abdominal or thoracic malignancy
|
|
|
commonly enlarged nodes under 2 years old?
|
postauricular and occipital nodes
|
|
|
commonly enlarged in older children?
|
cervical and submandibular
|
|
|
How do you differentiate between epidemic parotiditis(mumps) and cervical adenitis?
|
mumps will cause obscuring of the angle of the mandible
|
|
|
what is acute lymphangitis?
|
inflammation of one or more lymphatic vessels (red streaks in skin)
|
|
|
what is acute suppurative lymphadenitis?
|
infection and inflammation of a lymph node;
|
|
|
what two systems make up the spleen?
|
the white pulp and red pulp
|
|
|
What makes up the white pulp?
|
lymphatic nodules and diffuse lymphatic tissue
|
|
|
What makes up the red pulp?
|
venous sinusoids
|
|
|
What is the sail sign in a chest xray?
|
the thymus in children
|
|
|
what is the ring of waldeyer?
|
the two palatine tonsils, the pharyngeal tonsil, the lingual tonsil and the intervening lymphoid tissue
|
|
|
What is a type 1 hypersensitivity reaction?
|
a true allergic reaction caused by protein antibodies (IgE antibodies) that form as a result of interaction between a foreign protein and the body's immune system.
|
|
|
What is a type II hypersensitivity reaction?
|
when the antibodies produced by the immune response attach to the bodies own cells, causing them to be recognized as foreign
|
|
|
what is a type III hypersensitivity reaction?
|
When there is little antibody and an excess of antigen. causes formation of small immmune complexes that do not fix complement and then get stuck in tissues.
|
|
|
What is a type IV hypersensitivity reaction(delayed hypersensitivity reaction)?
|
Cell mediated(t-cells, macrophages) not antibody mediated.
|
|
|
What is stage 0 lymphadema?
|
latent or subclinical, swelling is not evident despite impaired lymph transport
|
|
|
What is stage 1 lymphedema?
|
pitting may occur, early accumulation of fluid that subsides with limb elevation
|
|
|
what is stage 2 lymphedema?
|
tissue fibrosis is present, pitting may not be present, limb elevation doesnt reduce swelling.
|
|
|
what is stage 3 lymphedema?
|
pitting is absent. trophic skin changes are present
|
|
|
Epitrochlear lymphadenopathy is particularly suggestive of...
|
mononucleosis
|
|
|
serum sickness is what kind of hypersensitivity reaction?
|
type III hypersensitivity
|
|
|
Where are two places that are not supplied by lymphatic vessels?
|
Brain (CNS) and placenta
|
|
|
True or False: blood can be manufactured by the lymphatic system when the primary source is pathophysiologically compromised?
|
TRUE
|
|
|
By what time should the umbilical cord drop off? and if not what is this indicative of?
|
by 2 weeks. if not indicative of congenital defect of immune system.
|
|
|
When is the thymus at its largest relative to body? and when is its the heaviest?
|
largest shortly after birth;<br />greatest weight at puberty
|
|
|
What lymph nodes are common bef 2 years of age?
|
inguinal, occipital, postauricular. more likely to have significance after 2 years of age
|
|
|
What lymph nodes are uncommon during first year, but very common in older children?
|
cervical and submandibular
|
|
|
During pregnancy, leukocyte number increases from 7200cells/mm3 to how many?
|
8500cells/mm3
|
|
|
the nodes of older people are more likely to be...
|
fibrotic and fatty
|
|
|
where are peyers patches found?
|
the mucosa of the small intestine
|
|
|
Lymph nodes are surrounded by a capsule composed of...
|
connective tissue and a few elastic fibrils
|
|
|
The harder the node and the more discrete, the more likely...
|
malignancy
|
|
|
The more tender a node, the more likely...
|
inflammation
|
|
|
A palpable supraclavicular node is a significant clue to...
|
thoracic or abdominal malignancy
|
|
|
Lymphadenopathy
|
enlarged lymph nodes
|
|
|
lymphadenitis
|
inflamed and enlarged lymph nodes
|
|
|
lymphangitis
|
inflammation of lymphatics that drain an area of infection; tender, erythematous streaks extend proximally from the infected area.
|
|
|
lymphedema
|
edematous swelling due to excess accumulation of lymph fluid in tissues caused by inadequate lymph drainage
|
|
|
lymphangioma
|
congenital malformation of dilated lymphatics
|
|
|
Shotty nodes are...
|
small nodes that feel like BBs under the skin
|
|
|
fluctuant nodes have a...
|
wavelike motion that is felt when the node is palpated
|
|
|
matted nodes are....
|
groups of nodes that fell connected and seem to move as a unit
|
|
|
_______ do not transilluminate but _______ do.
|
nodes do not and fluid filled cysts do
|
|
|
Infections of the ear drain to what nodes...
|
preauricular, retropharyngeal, and deep cervical nodes
|
|
|
what may cause temporary axillary node enlargement?
|
immunizations, particularly BCG and smallpox
|
|
|
where would you palpate the epitrochlear nodes?
|
in the groove between the triceps and the biceps.
|
|
|
What drugs can cause nodal enlargement?
|
diphenylhydantoin, aspirin, barbiturates, penicillin, iodide, cephalosporin, sulfonamide, mesantoin.
|
|
|
Which is more at risk for malignancy, posterior cervical lymphadenopathy or anterior cervical lymphadenopathy?
|
posterior cervical lymphadenopathy
|
|
|
What are mumps?
|
epidemic parotiditis- painful swelling of the parotid glands and occasionally other salivary glands as well.
|
|
|
Common childhood diseases and Hep A and B present where?
|
posterior cervical nodes
|
|
|
What node warns of malignancy?
|
the supraclavicular
|
|
|
If an enlarged lymph node is found, what do you examine?
|
PALS; primary site, all associated nodes, liver, spleen
|
|
|
Cancerous nodes are tender. T/F?
|
False, they are not tender
|
|
|
Infections of the ear drain to...
|
preauricular, retropharyngeal and deep cervical nodes
|
|
|
Fixation of nodes to underlying tissue is indicative of what?
|
most commonly metastatic cancer, but also of chronic inflammation
|
|
|
In TB lymph nodes in cervical chain are often...
|
"cold", soft, matted and not tender or painful
|
|
|
A submandibular/cervical node less than ___ and a inguinal node less than___ are normal.
|
subman: 1cm<br />inguinal: 2cm
|
|
|
A thyroglossal duct cyst may simulate lymph node enlargement. how would you differentiate b/w the two?
|
thyroglossal duct cyst would be midline in the neck and may retract when the tongue is protruded.
|
|
|
Disorders of the lymph system present with 3 physical signs...
|
lymphadenopathy (enlargement of the nodes)<br />lymphangitis (red streaks in the skin)<br />lymphedema (edematous swelling due to excess accumulation due to inadequate lymph drainage)
|
|
|
Where are posterior cervical nodes found?
|
anterior border of trapezius muscle
|
|
|
where are the superficial cervical nodes found?
|
at the SCM
|
|
|
What is a virchow node?
|
a supraclavicular node. a virchow node on the left may be indicative of abdominal or thoracic malignancy
|
|
|
commonly enlarged nodes under 2 years old?
|
postauricular and occipital nodes
|
|
|
commonly enlarged in older children?
|
cervical and submandibular
|
|
|
How do you differentiate between epidemic parotiditis(mumps) and cervical adenitis?
|
mumps will cause obscuring of the angle of the mandible
|
|
|
what is acute lymphangitis?
|
inflammation of one or more lymphatic vessels (red streaks in skin)
|
|
|
what is acute suppurative lymphadenitis?
|
infection and inflammation of a lymph node;
|
|
|
what two systems make up the spleen?
|
the white pulp and red pulp
|
|
|
What makes up the white pulp?
|
lymphatic nodules and diffuse lymphatic tissue
|
|
|
What makes up the red pulp?
|
venous sinusoids
|
|
|
What is the sail sign in a chest xray?
|
the thymus in children
|
|
|
what is the ring of waldeyer?
|
the two palatine tonsils, the pharyngeal tonsil, the lingual tonsil and the intervening lymphoid tissue
|
|
|
What is a type 1 hypersensitivity reaction?
|
a true allergic reaction caused by protein antibodies (IgE antibodies) that form as a result of interaction between a foreign protein and the body's immune system.
|
|
|
What is a type II hypersensitivity reaction?
|
when the antibodies produced by the immune response attach to the bodies own cells, causing them to be recognized as foreign
|
|
|
what is a type III hypersensitivity reaction?
|
When there is little antibody and an excess of antigen. causes formation of small immmune complexes that do not fix complement and then get stuck in tissues.
|
|
|
What is a type IV hypersensitivity reaction(delayed hypersensitivity reaction)?
|
Cell mediated(t-cells, macrophages) not antibody mediated.
|
|
|
What is stage 0 lymphadema?
|
latent or subclinical, swelling is not evident despite impaired lymph transport
|
|
|
What is stage 1 lymphedema?
|
pitting may occur, early accumulation of fluid that subsides with limb elevation
|
|
|
what is stage 2 lymphedema?
|
tissue fibrosis is present, pitting may not be present, limb elevation doesnt reduce swelling.
|
|
|
what is stage 3 lymphedema?
|
pitting is absent. trophic skin changes are present
|
|
|
Epitrochlear lymphadenopathy is particularly suggestive of...
|
mononucleosis
|
|
|
serum sickness is what kind of hypersensitivity reaction?
|
type III hypersensitivity
|
|
|
Where are two places that are not supplied by lymphatic vessels?
|
Brain (CNS) and placenta
|
|
|
True or False: blood can be manufactured by the lymphatic system when the primary source is pathophysiologically compromised?
|
TRUE
|
|
|
By what time should the umbilical cord drop off? and if not what is this indicative of?
|
by 2 weeks. if not indicative of congenital defect of immune system.
|
|
|
When is the thymus at its largest relative to body? and when is its the heaviest?
|
largest shortly after birth;<br />greatest weight at puberty
|
|
|
What lymph nodes are common bef 2 years of age?
|
inguinal, occipital, postauricular. more likely to have significance after 2 years of age
|
|
|
What lymph nodes are uncommon during first year, but very common in older children?
|
cervical and submandibular
|
|
|
During pregnancy, leukocyte number increases from 7200cells/mm3 to how many?
|
8500cells/mm3
|
|
|
the nodes of older people are more likely to be...
|
fibrotic and fatty
|
|
|
where are peyers patches found?
|
the mucosa of the small intestine
|
|
|
Lymph nodes are surrounded by a capsule composed of...
|
connective tissue and a few elastic fibrils
|
|
|
The harder the node and the more discrete, the more likely...
|
malignancy
|
|
|
The more tender a node, the more likely...
|
inflammation
|
|
|
A palpable supraclavicular node is a significant clue to...
|
thoracic or abdominal malignancy
|
|
|
Lymphadenopathy
|
enlarged lymph nodes
|
|
|
lymphadenitis
|
inflamed and enlarged lymph nodes
|
|
|
lymphangitis
|
inflammation of lymphatics that drain an area of infection; tender, erythematous streaks extend proximally from the infected area.
|
|
|
lymphedema
|
edematous swelling due to excess accumulation of lymph fluid in tissues caused by inadequate lymph drainage
|
|
|
lymphangioma
|
congenital malformation of dilated lymphatics
|
|
|
Shotty nodes are...
|
small nodes that feel like BBs under the skin
|
|
|
fluctuant nodes have a...
|
wavelike motion that is felt when the node is palpated
|
|
|
matted nodes are....
|
groups of nodes that fell connected and seem to move as a unit
|
|
|
_______ do not transilluminate but _______ do.
|
nodes do not and fluid filled cysts do
|
|
|
Infections of the ear drain to what nodes...
|
preauricular, retropharyngeal, and deep cervical nodes
|
|
|
what may cause temporary axillary node enlargement?
|
immunizations, particularly BCG and smallpox
|
|
|
where would you palpate the epitrochlear nodes?
|
in the groove between the triceps and the biceps.
|
|
|
What drugs can cause nodal enlargement?
|
diphenylhydantoin, aspirin, barbiturates, penicillin, iodide, cephalosporin, sulfonamide, mesantoin.
|
|
|
Which is more at risk for malignancy, posterior cervical lymphadenopathy or anterior cervical lymphadenopathy?
|
posterior cervical lymphadenopathy
|
|
|
What are mumps?
|
epidemic parotiditis- painful swelling of the parotid glands and occasionally other salivary glands as well.
|
|
|
Common childhood diseases and Hep A and B present where?
|
posterior cervical nodes
|
|
|
What node warns of malignancy?
|
the supraclavicular
|
|
|
If an enlarged lymph node is found, what do you examine?
|
PALS; primary site, all associated nodes, liver, spleen
|
|
|
Cancerous nodes are tender. T/F?
|
False, they are not tender
|
|
|
Infections of the ear drain to...
|
preauricular, retropharyngeal and deep cervical nodes
|
|
|
Fixation of nodes to underlying tissue is indicative of what?
|
most commonly metastatic cancer, but also of chronic inflammation
|
|
|
In TB lymph nodes in cervical chain are often...
|
"cold", soft, matted and not tender or painful
|
|
|
A submandibular/cervical node less than ___ and a inguinal node less than___ are normal.
|
subman: 1cm<br />inguinal: 2cm
|
|
|
A thyroglossal duct cyst may simulate lymph node enlargement. how would you differentiate b/w the two?
|
thyroglossal duct cyst would be midline in the neck and may retract when the tongue is protruded.
|
|
|
Disorders of the lymph system present with 3 physical signs...
|
lymphadenopathy (enlargement of the nodes)<br />lymphangitis (red streaks in the skin)<br />lymphedema (edematous swelling due to excess accumulation due to inadequate lymph drainage)
|
|
|
Where are posterior cervical nodes found?
|
anterior border of trapezius muscle
|
|
|
where are the superficial cervical nodes found?
|
at the SCM
|
|
|
What is a virchow node?
|
a supraclavicular node. a virchow node on the left may be indicative of abdominal or thoracic malignancy
|
|
|
commonly enlarged nodes under 2 years old?
|
postauricular and occipital nodes
|
|
|
commonly enlarged in older children?
|
cervical and submandibular
|
|
|
How do you differentiate between epidemic parotiditis(mumps) and cervical adenitis?
|
mumps will cause obscuring of the angle of the mandible
|
|
|
what is acute lymphangitis?
|
inflammation of one or more lymphatic vessels (red streaks in skin)
|
|
|
what is acute suppurative lymphadenitis?
|
infection and inflammation of a lymph node;
|
|
|
what two systems make up the spleen?
|
the white pulp and red pulp
|
|
|
What makes up the white pulp?
|
lymphatic nodules and diffuse lymphatic tissue
|
|
|
What makes up the red pulp?
|
venous sinusoids
|
|
|
What is the sail sign in a chest xray?
|
the thymus in children
|
|
|
what is the ring of waldeyer?
|
the two palatine tonsils, the pharyngeal tonsil, the lingual tonsil and the intervening lymphoid tissue
|
|
|
What is a type 1 hypersensitivity reaction?
|
a true allergic reaction caused by protein antibodies (IgE antibodies) that form as a result of interaction between a foreign protein and the body's immune system.
|
|
|
What is a type II hypersensitivity reaction?
|
when the antibodies produced by the immune response attach to the bodies own cells, causing them to be recognized as foreign
|
|
|
what is a type III hypersensitivity reaction?
|
When there is little antibody and an excess of antigen. causes formation of small immmune complexes that do not fix complement and then get stuck in tissues.
|
|
|
What is a type IV hypersensitivity reaction(delayed hypersensitivity reaction)?
|
Cell mediated(t-cells, macrophages) not antibody mediated.
|
|
|
What is stage 0 lymphadema?
|
latent or subclinical, swelling is not evident despite impaired lymph transport
|
|
|
What is stage 1 lymphedema?
|
pitting may occur, early accumulation of fluid that subsides with limb elevation
|
|
|
what is stage 2 lymphedema?
|
tissue fibrosis is present, pitting may not be present, limb elevation doesnt reduce swelling.
|
|
|
what is stage 3 lymphedema?
|
pitting is absent. trophic skin changes are present
|
|
|
Epitrochlear lymphadenopathy is particularly suggestive of...
|
mononucleosis
|
|
|
serum sickness is what kind of hypersensitivity reaction?
|
type III hypersensitivity
|
