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104 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
position of the heart
|
behind sternum
between 3rd and 6th intercostals |
|
|
what is dextrocardia
|
heart is positioned on the right as a mirror image
|
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left and right heart are divided by what
|
interventricular septum
|
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|
most of the anterior surface of the heart is formed by what ventricle
|
right ventricle
|
|
|
how does left ventricle sit
|
behind the right but extends anteriorly, forming left border
|
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where is apical impulse felt
|
5th intercostal space, mid clavicular line
|
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what forms the right border of the heart
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right atrium
|
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what forms the posterior aspect of the heart
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left atrium
|
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|
dimensions of the adult heart
|
12 cm long
8cm at the widest point 6 cm in AP diameter |
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what is the "lubb" sound. What causes it
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S1 - mitral/ tricuspid closing
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what is the "dubb" sound
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S2 - aortic/pulmonic closing
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what produces S3
|
ventricular filling
|
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what produces S4
|
atria contracting
|
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what causes split S2 and when does it happen normally
|
pulmonic and aotric valves closing out of sync
can happen during inspiration |
|
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what is A2 and P2
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A2- aortic valve closing during S2 split
P2- pulmonic valve closing during S2 split |
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when does ductus arteriosus close
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24 to 48 hours
|
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by year 1, what is the ratio of left ventricle to the rigth one
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2:01:00
|
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by what year is adult hear position reached
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7
|
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hwo does the heart lie in infants
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horizontally, apex at 4th intercostals
|
|
|
Hr during pregnancy: 1st, 2nd, 3rd tri, labor.delivery, post patrum
|
first Tri- increased
2nd tri- peaks at 28 wks 3rd tri- slightly decreased labor/delivery- increased/ brady at delivery post patrum- prepregnancy lvl in 2 to 6 wks |
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BP during pregnancy: 1st, 2nd, 3rd tri, labor.delivery, post patrum
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first Tri- prepregnancy lvl
2nd tri- slightly decreaed 3rd tri- pre prego lvl labor/delivery-ipre prego lvl post patrum- pre prego lvl |
|
|
SV during pregnancy: 1st, 2nd, 3rd tri, labor.delivery, post patrum
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first Tri- increased
2nd tri- peaks at 28 wks 3rd tri- gradually decreased labor/delivery- decreased post patrum- prepregnancy lvl in 2 to 6 wks |
|
|
CO during pregnancy: 1st, 2nd, 3rd tri, labor.delivery, post patrum
|
first Tri- increased
2nd tri- peaks at 20 wks 3rd tri- slightly decreased labor/delivery- increased post patrum- prepregnancy lvl in 2 to 6 wks |
|
|
SVR during pregnancy: 1st, 2nd, 3rd tri, labor.delivery, post patrum
|
first Tri- decreased
2nd tri- decreased 3rd tri- decreased labor/delivery- sharply decreased @ delivery post patrum- prepregnancy lvl in 2 to 6 wks |
|
|
common EKG changes in old ppl
|
1st degree AV blocl
Bundle branch blocks ST_T wave abnormalities premature systole left anterior hemiblock left ventricle hypertrophy atrial fibrillation |
|
|
define precordial catch
|
sudden, sharp, brief pain. Does not radiate and most offen occurs at rest and unrelated to exertion
may not have discoverable cause |
|
|
describe angina pain
|
substernal; provoked by effort or stressors
relieved by rest or NO often accompanied by diaphoresis |
|
|
describe pleural pain
|
precipitate dby breathing or coughing
usually sharp and during inspiration absent when breath held |
|
|
describe esophageal pain
|
burning, substernal, occational radiation to shoulder
Usually when lying flat relief w/ food and antacids |
|
|
pain from peptic ulcer
|
infradiaphragmatic and epigastric
nocturnal and day time occurances relieves by food unrelated to activity |
|
|
Pain from biliary
|
usually under R. Scapula, prolonged in duration
often occuring after eating will trigger angina moreoften than mimic it |
|
|
pain from artheritis/bursitis
|
Usuallally lasts for hours
local tenderness and or pain w/ movement |
|
|
pain from cervical
|
associated w/ injury
provoked by activity and persists after activity painful on palpitation and or movement |
|
|
pain from musculoskeletal (chest)
|
intensified or provoked by movement
often associated w/ focal tenderness |
|
|
ppsychoneurotic pain
|
associated with/after anxiety
located in intramammary region poor description casue bitch be faking it |
|
|
absence of apical impulse w/ faith heart sounds imply what
|
intervening extracardiac problem like pleural or pericardial effusion
|
|
|
apical impulse that is widely distributed, fills systole of displaced downward implies what
|
increased cardiac output or left ventricular hypertrophy
|
|
|
murmur of what grade can be felt
|
grade IV or above
|
|
|
S1 is loudest where
|
apex
|
|
|
S1 is loudest where
|
at the base
|
|
|
what is considered ligth exercise intensity
|
walking 10 to 15 steps, preparing a single meal
retreving a news paper brushing teeth pullign down a bedspread |
|
|
What is moderate exersice intensity
|
making bed
dusting, sweeping walking a level short block office filing |
|
|
what is moderately heavy exercise intensity
|
climbing one or two fligth of stairs
lifting cartons long walks sexual intercourse |
|
|
what is heavy exercise intensity
|
jogging
vigorous athletics moving, raking lawn |
|
|
thrill in systole at suprasternal notch/ second and third rigth intercostal
|
aortic stenosis
|
|
|
thrill in systole at suprasternal notch/ second and third left intercostal space
|
pulmonic stenosis
|
|
|
thrill in systole @ 4th left intercostal space
|
ventricualr septal defect
|
|
|
thrill in systole @ apex
|
mitral regurgiation
|
|
|
thrill in systole @ left lower sternal border
|
tetrology of fallot
|
|
|
thrill in systole @ upper sternal border, often w/ extensive radiation
|
patent ductus arteriosus
|
|
|
thrill in Diastole @ right sternal border
|
aortic regurgitation
aneurysm of ascending aorta |
|
|
thrill in diastole @ apex
|
mitral stenosis
|
|
|
position of the heart
|
behind sternum
between 3rd and 6th intercostals |
|
|
what is dextrocardia
|
heart is positioned on the right as a mirror image
|
|
|
left and right heart are divided by what
|
interventricular septum
|
|
|
most of the anterior surface of the heart is formed by what ventricle
|
right ventricle
|
|
|
how does left ventricle sit
|
behind the right but extends anteriorly, forming left border
|
|
|
where is apical impulse felt
|
5th intercostal space, mid clavicular line
|
|
|
what forms the right border of the heart
|
right atrium
|
|
|
what forms the posterior aspect of the heart
|
left atrium
|
|
|
dimensions of the adult heart
|
12 cm long
8cm at the widest point 6 cm in AP diameter |
|
|
what is the "lubb" sound. What causes it
|
S1 - mitral/ tricuspid closing
|
|
|
what is the "dubb" sound
|
S2 - aortic/pulmonic closing
|
|
|
what produces S3
|
ventricular filling
|
|
|
what produces S4
|
atria contracting
|
|
|
what causes split S2 and when does it happen normally
|
pulmonic and aotric valves closing out of sync
can happen during inspiration |
|
|
what is A2 and P2
|
A2- aortic valve closing during S2 split
P2- pulmonic valve closing during S2 split |
|
|
when does ductus arteriosus close
|
24 to 48 hours
|
|
|
by year 1, what is the ratio of left ventricle to the rigth one
|
2:01:00
|
|
|
by what year is adult hear position reached
|
7
|
|
|
hwo does the heart lie in infants
|
horizontally, apex at 4th intercostals
|
|
|
Hr during pregnancy: 1st, 2nd, 3rd tri, labor.delivery, post patrum
|
first Tri- increased
2nd tri- peaks at 28 wks 3rd tri- slightly decreased labor/delivery- increased/ brady at delivery post patrum- prepregnancy lvl in 2 to 6 wks |
|
|
BP during pregnancy: 1st, 2nd, 3rd tri, labor.delivery, post patrum
|
first Tri- prepregnancy lvl
2nd tri- slightly decreaed 3rd tri- pre prego lvl labor/delivery-ipre prego lvl post patrum- pre prego lvl |
|
|
SV during pregnancy: 1st, 2nd, 3rd tri, labor.delivery, post patrum
|
first Tri- increased
2nd tri- peaks at 28 wks 3rd tri- gradually decreased labor/delivery- decreased post patrum- prepregnancy lvl in 2 to 6 wks |
|
|
CO during pregnancy: 1st, 2nd, 3rd tri, labor.delivery, post patrum
|
first Tri- increased
2nd tri- peaks at 20 wks 3rd tri- slightly decreased labor/delivery- increased post patrum- prepregnancy lvl in 2 to 6 wks |
|
|
SVR during pregnancy: 1st, 2nd, 3rd tri, labor.delivery, post patrum
|
first Tri- decreased
2nd tri- decreased 3rd tri- decreased labor/delivery- sharply decreased @ delivery post patrum- prepregnancy lvl in 2 to 6 wks |
|
|
common EKG changes in old ppl
|
1st degree AV blocl
Bundle branch blocks ST_T wave abnormalities premature systole left anterior hemiblock left ventricle hypertrophy atrial fibrillation |
|
|
define precordial catch
|
sudden, sharp, brief pain. Does not radiate and most offen occurs at rest and unrelated to exertion
may not have discoverable cause |
|
|
describe angina pain
|
substernal; provoked by effort or stressors
relieved by rest or NO often accompanied by diaphoresis |
|
|
describe pleural pain
|
precipitate dby breathing or coughing
usually sharp and during inspiration absent when breath held |
|
|
describe esophageal pain
|
burning, substernal, occational radiation to shoulder
Usually when lying flat relief w/ food and antacids |
|
|
pain from peptic ulcer
|
infradiaphragmatic and epigastric
nocturnal and day time occurances relieves by food unrelated to activity |
|
|
Pain from biliary
|
usually under R. Scapula, prolonged in duration
often occuring after eating will trigger angina moreoften than mimic it |
|
|
pain from artheritis/bursitis
|
Usuallally lasts for hours
local tenderness and or pain w/ movement |
|
|
pain from cervical
|
associated w/ injury
provoked by activity and persists after activity painful on palpitation and or movement |
|
|
pain from musculoskeletal (chest)
|
intensified or provoked by movement
often associated w/ focal tenderness |
|
|
ppsychoneurotic pain
|
associated with/after anxiety
located in intramammary region poor description casue bitch be faking it |
|
|
absence of apical impulse w/ faith heart sounds imply what
|
intervening extracardiac problem like pleural or pericardial effusion
|
|
|
apical impulse that is widely distributed, fills systole of displaced downward implies what
|
increased cardiac output or left ventricular hypertrophy
|
|
|
murmur of what grade can be felt
|
grade IV or above
|
|
|
S1 is loudest where
|
apex
|
|
|
S1 is loudest where
|
at the base
|
|
|
what is considered ligth exercise intensity
|
walking 10 to 15 steps, preparing a single meal
retreving a news paper brushing teeth pullign down a bedspread |
|
|
What is moderate exersice intensity
|
making bed
dusting, sweeping walking a level short block office filing |
|
|
what is moderately heavy exercise intensity
|
climbing one or two fligth of stairs
lifting cartons long walks sexual intercourse |
|
|
what is heavy exercise intensity
|
jogging
vigorous athletics moving, raking lawn |
|
|
thrill in systole at suprasternal notch/ second and third rigth intercostal
|
aortic stenosis
|
|
|
thrill in systole at suprasternal notch/ second and third left intercostal space
|
pulmonic stenosis
|
|
|
thrill in systole @ 4th left intercostal space
|
ventricualr septal defect
|
|
|
thrill in systole @ apex
|
mitral regurgiation
|
|
|
thrill in systole @ left lower sternal border
|
tetrology of fallot
|
|
|
thrill in systole @ upper sternal border, often w/ extensive radiation
|
patent ductus arteriosus
|
|
|
thrill in Diastole @ right sternal border
|
aortic regurgitation
aneurysm of ascending aorta |
|
|
thrill in diastole @ apex
|
mitral stenosis
|
