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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Nephrolithiasis
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Kidney Stones
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Anuria
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Failure to form urine, defined as <50mL/24h urine output
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Oliguria
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Less urination than normal, defined as urine output of 50-500 mL/24h
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Interstitial
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Pertaining to being between things, especially between things that are normally closely spaced
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Glomerulonephritis
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Inflammation of the kidney primarily involving glomerulus
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Polycystic kidney disease
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Characterized by numerous cysts in the kidney
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Renal Osteodystrophy
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Bone disease that occurs when the kidneys fail to maintain the proper levels of calcium and phosphorus and results in demineralization of the bones and deformities of the bone.
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Chronic Kidney Disease
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Kidney damage for > 3 months duration with structural or funcational kidney damage OR GFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 for > 3 months duration
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Anemia
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Hgb concentrations < 12 gm/dL in women or < 13.5 gm /dL in men
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Microalbuminaria
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When urine contains more than 30 milligrams of albumin per gram of creatinine, with or without decreased eGFR
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Albuminuria
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When urine contains 300 milligrams of albumin per gram of creatinine or more, with or without decreased eGFR
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Prerenal Azotemia
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Most common cause of acute renal failure resulting from conditions that reduce blood flow to the kidney
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Radiocontrast Media
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Commonly referred to as dyes; substances used to enhance the contrast of structures and fluids within the body. Increase the visibility of blood vessels such as the coronary arteries, renal arteries or gastrointestinal system.
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Acute Interstitial Nephritis
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A type of intrarenal acute renal failure that results from an allergic drug reaction or a bacterial infection
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Granular Casts
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Debris composed of cells filled with protein indicating intrarenal injury
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Nephrotoxic Quartet
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The four classes of drugs most commonly associated with renal injury: NSAIDs, ACEIs, aminoglycosides and radiocontrast media
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N-acetylcysteine
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An amino acid supplement that serves as a precursor for glutathione, an antioxidant that has possible protective effects in patients at risk for contrast-induced nephropathy. Also used in acetaminophen overdose.
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SIADH
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Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone
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ICF
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Intracellular fluid compartment
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ECF
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Extracellular fluid compartment (includes interstitial fluid, and blood plasma volume)
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CKD
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Chronic kidney disease
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ARF
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Acute renal failure
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BPH
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Benign prostatic hypertrophy (as cause of obstructive renal failure)
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ATN
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Acute tubular necrosis
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CIN
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Contrast induced nephropathy
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FeNa
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Fraction of excreted sodium
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