Cdc00009 Vol 1 Ncoa

Front 1

When the dictionary definitions and the philosophical descriptions of the term "profession" are combined, what are the criteria for an occupation to be described as a profession?

Back 1

One that exhibits a body of theory and specialized knowledge, is service-oriented, and has a distinct subculture.

Front 2

What is wrong with the position that any given broadly defined occupation is either a profession or it is not?

Back 2

That approach leads to such conclusions as only doctors and not nurses are members of the medical profession and only officers and not enlisted are professionals in the POA. The vast majority of occupations and professions are distributed all along the great middle between the two extremes. The characteristics which determine an occupation's place on the Professions Continuum is not prestige or salary, but rather the three criteria. A century or two ago only a few recognized professions existed (physician, professor, clergy, etc.) and now there's no need for the vacuum tube changer in today's computer systems (an important job only half a generation ago.)

Front 3

List unprofessional actions that should not be exhibited by NCOs.

Back 3

Coasting through a career; considering oneself only a technical expert; discrimination; ignoring direction from your superiors and then asking for forgiveness later; inflating EPRs; lack of self development; neglecting weak skill areas such as writing; only focusing upon one area of your job or responsibilities; poor attitude; purposely rushing to miss reveille and retreat; seeing discipline violations and not correcting; sexual harassment; shabby wear of the uniform (rag bag syndrome); shying away from additional responsibility; taking advantage of no supervision; understanding role model responsibilities; using personal bias in the evaluation process; weak performance feedback or no performance feedback; whining or complaining about everything.

Front 4

What motivates NCOs to choose to behave in a professional manner?

Back 4

Seriousness about the commitment and obligation sworn to in the oath of enlistment; association with those with very high standards; a sense of urgency; have worked under the leadership of several good professional supervisors; have patriotic undertones driving personality; view military services as serving a cause higher that self; see themselves as serving a cause higher than self; view the POA/military as a profession; view themselves as more than a technician; view themselves as professional.

Front 5

What is the impact of unprofessional behaviors upon the Air Force?

Back 5

Degraded mission effectiveness; decrease in organizational efficiency; lack of subordinate growth and development; no mentorship; perpetuates a "just a job" attitude; descipline and morale suffer.

Front 6

Why is it important that we continue to move along the professional continuum?

Back 6

If we all don't aspire to improve or enhance out level of performance and abide by the same core values and responsibilities, then there is no way the profession as a whole can advance along the continuum of occupations. In other words, a weak link here and a weak link there will cause the entire organization to lose status. A continual move toward professionalism helps increase public trust of the military.

Front 7

Give examples of how today's enlisted corps is significantly different than our predecessors in the areas of higher level responsibilities and education.

Back 7

Many enlisted members are assuming responsibilities once exclusively reserved for members of the officer corps. These increased responsibilities, both technical and supervisory, are being executed more capably because the enlisted individuals involved have a firm basis of professional understanding based upon increased levels of education.

Front 8

How does the Profession of Arms subject area broaden our perspective of the military profession?

Back 8

Builds an appreciation of our membership in the POA. Provides information about events and issues that dictate military missions. It also teaches and reminds us about our history and culture. It provides the foundation for NCO mentorship.

Front 9

What are the primary sources for our continued study and improvement?

Back 9

CMSAF Professional Reading List; AFM 10-100, Airman's Manual; PFE; various applicable AFI, AFP, AFM, AFDD; AF web site and the various news and publication links it contains; Enlisted Heritage Research Institute web page: Air University Library web page; AFPC Personnel Issues web page.

Front 10

What three core objectives steer our national strategy process?

Back 10

The three core objectives are enhancing our own security, promoting democracy abroad, and bolstering America's economic prosperity.

Front 11

What is the primary focus of National Security Strategy?

Back 11

National Security Strategy primarily focuses on the myraid of military threats that the nation must confront.

Front 12

When was Airlift first used as a mechanism for National Security?

Back 12

According to Major Richard J. Hazdra, USAF, in the book, Air Mobility-The Key to the United States National Security Strategy, Airlift was first used as a tool of National Security through the Berlin Airlift.

Front 13

Which command solely provides Air Mobility for the United States?

Back 13

Air Mobility Command (AMC)

Front 14

How is National Security beneficial to National Strategy?

Back 14

National Security Strategy is an extension of National Security. National Security is utilizing Air Mobility resources effectively by adhering to the National Security Strategy. This encourages prevention and limitations of terrorist ectivity.

Front 15

Identify the three categories relative to determining a nation's needs and interests?

Back 15

In the book, Making Strategy-An Introduction to National Security Processes and Problems, Donald Nuechterlein provides a useful way of distinguishing between various interests. The three categories are how crucial is an interest to the United States, how vital is an interest to the United States, and which basic interest is at stake?

Front 16

Who is responsible for determining the nation's needs and interests?

Back 16

Strategists must weigh heavily the nations needs and interests. The process entails determining what interests and what national instruments of power are available and applicable.

Front 17

Identify the four levels of intensity.

Back 17

The four levels of intensity are survival, vital, major and peripheral.

Front 18

How does National Power support National Security?

Back 18

Strategy makers must match the instruments of power to the interests of the state. They must consider the interests and the instruments in existence to pursue those interests, which are matters of public policy choices. The choices are made in the political realm. Strategists must determine to what ends will the allocation of scarce or abundant resources be dispersed.

Front 19

Identify and explain the responsibilities for each instrument of power.

Back 19

A MILITARY INSTRUMENT is the extent to which a nation's armed forces can be employed to achieve national ends. The potential use of the military instrument, even when its application is not threatened, always lurks in the background to condition international relationships. The ultimate application, of course, is direct involvement in combating support of vital interests. The success of the military instrument is determined by the following: economic and technological base of a nation; a nation's economic status is dependent upon diplomatic skill in negotiating favorable trade agreements; and a nation's diplomatic success depends on the nation's ability to back up its activities through economic and military rewards or sanctions.
The ECONOMIC INSTRUMENTS have similar constraints to the diplomatic/political instrument. The degree to which the US government can manipulate economic assistance is limited by the comparatively small and static size of its assistance budget. Foreign aid has been described as a budgetary element with no real domestic constituency and, as a result it has not grown with inflation (meaning its real value has declined).
The use of DIPLOMATIC INSTRUMENTS is the ability to meditate successfully and to produce unique and mutually acceptable solutions to complex issues without application of military or economic power is the essence of the diplomatic instrument.
The use of the DIPLOMATIC INSTRUMENT OF POWER employs methods that a nation uses to bring its internationsl position and diplomatic skills to bear in pursuit of national interests.

Front 20

Explain the relationship between each instrument of power.

Back 20

Each instrument of power is a combination of multiple factors, and any one factor can be crucial in a given situation. The diplomatic, political and economic instrumetns include the military instrument. It is difficult, for example, to identify any simple index of military power that allows prediction of a clash between two reasonably equal, or even not so equal, foes because so many factors comprise military prowess. In addition to such obvious factors as the amount of manpower and firepower available to any contestant, numerous other influences may prove critical. Some of these factors are tangible, such as the length and security of tactical soundness, compatibility between physical capabilities and political objectives, and mere luck. To a great extent, military history is a chronicle of calculation and miscalculation in comparing military instrumetns and their capacities to serve national ends.

Front 21

When do the strategists determine which instrument of power to utilize?

Back 21

When they have identified the various levels of intensity of basic threats.

Front 22

Explain how National Strategy processes support National Security.

Back 22

There are four distinct areas of importance in relation to how the national strategy processes support National Security. Those areas are identified as objective and initiatives, developing military strategy, designing operational strategy, and formulating battlefield strategy.

Front 23

What is the first step towards implementing a National Security Strategy? Why?

Back 23

Defining the objective and initiatives. Doing so ensures strategists are formulating an effective National Security Strategy; it is the reasining for devising a strategy process.

Front 24

What is the difference between military strategy and operational strategy?

Back 24

Military strategy sets in motion the actions required to develop a military force structure (i.e., planning; procuring weapon systems material; and recruiting, training, and sustaining personnel) and then deploys that force structure. Military strategy is also broad in its scope. Operational strategy is much narrower and more specific. Operational strategy employs the forces provided by military strategy.

Front 25

Differentiate between tactics and higher levels of strategy relative to battlefield strategy.

Back 25

The classic differentiation between tactics and higher levels of strategy remains relevant in the sense that tactics govern the use of forces on the battlefield while grand strategy, military strategy, and operational strategy bring forces to the battlefield. One can also add some clarity to the situation by stating that tactics are concerned with doing the job "right" and higher levels of strategy are concerned with doing the "right" job.

Front 26

How are national decisions defined?

Back 26

National decisions are decisions about the content of grand strategy and the resources available to implement that strategy. These decisions are products of political processes within the Federal Government.

Front 27

What elements comprise the coordination of military strategy?

Back 27

Employment, development, and deployment.

Front 28

Explain the coordination process.

Back 28

Coordination is geared primarily to relationships between instruments of power at the grand strategy level and refers to relationships within the military instrument of power. The strategists attempt to coordinate the elements of military strategy. The strategists must consider elements such as how should the risks be managed; should they prepare for the worst case or the most likely case; and can one prepare for both possibilities, or would that raise the specter of not being prepared adequately for either case.

Front 29

How does Major Regional Conflict (MRC) affect National Security?

Back 29

They pose a heavy demand on US forces and definitely drive most force requirements.

Front 30

Identify the four phases of the department planning framework for MRC.

Back 30

Halting the invasion, force buildup, Counteroffensive, and ensuring postwar stability.

Front 31

When does regional conflict exists?

Back 31

Regional conflict exists anytime the use of military power by forces is contemplated or activated.

Front 32

Define Terrorism.

Back 32

Terrorism is "..the systematic use of terror or unpredictable violence against governments, publics, or individuals to attain a political objective. Terrorism has been used by political organizations with both rightist and leftist objectives, by nationalistic and ethnic groups, by revolutionaries, and by the armies and secret police of governments themselves."

Front 33

Identify two terrorist groups.

Back 33

Any two of the following: Baader-Meinhof gang of West Germany, the Japanese Red Army, Italy's Red Brigades, the Puerto Rican FALN, al-Fatah and other Palestinian organizations, the Shining Path or Peru, and France's Direct Action were among the most prominent terrorist groups of the later 20th century. After the American Civil War (1861-1865) defiant Southerners formed a terrorist organization called the Ku Klux Klan to intimidate supporters of Reconstruction.

Front 34

How do terrorist groups finance their violent activities?

Back 34

Drug trafficking is at the top of their list of illegal money raising activities, followed by robbery, extortion, kidnapping, blackmailing and arms smuggling.

Front 35

What is the responsibility of the HIDTA Program?

Back 35

The HIDTA is responsible for reducing the production, manufacturing , distribution, transportation and chronic use of illegal drugs, as well as the aattendant money laundering of drug proceeds.

Front 36

Which drug does the intelligence community believes has been the primary narcotics threat since 1985?

Back 36

Cocaine

Front 37

Which drug is the most widely abused and readily available, illicit drug in the United States?

Back 37

Marijuana

Front 38

How does international organized crime negatively impact our nation?

Back 38

Drugs, terrorism, and organized crime are far better financed and more disciplined than previously suspected. Drug cartells have the ability to move literally hundreds of billions of dollars in and out of legitimate financial systems. Organized crime groups, particulary in Russia, now have almost a choke hold on the country's vast natural resources, as well as their banks and media. Russia has been described recently by the press as a kleptocracy from top to bottom, a semicriminal State. And there are now various terrorist group, including those being sponsored by Iran and Iraq, which are actively recruiting top nuclear scientists in their efforts to obtain nuclear weapons. Unfortunately, these areas of concern can cause our economy to weaken financially and reduce National Security while placing the United States in an extremely vulnerable position.

Front 39

What three risks are associated with nuclear proliferation?

Back 39

Potential losses to US forces, damage to allied nations, and escalation to a superpower confrontation.

Front 40

What are two major problems posed by biological and chemical weapons?

Back 40

Biological and chemical weapons are easy to produce and easy to conceal.

Front 41

What does Information Warfare (IW) consists of?

Back 41

Information Warfare (IW) consists of actions taken to achieve information superiority in support of national military strategy by affecting adversary information and information systems while leveraging and protecting our own information and information systems. This formulation is intended to encompass military and non-military actions as well as offensive and defensive aspects. It also encompasses all levels of war from the tactical to strategic, and applies to peacetime and wartime conditions.

Front 42

Describe the emphases of Offensive Information Warfare?

Back 42

Offensive Information Warfare (IW) emphasizes the manipulation of electronic information systems to influence an adversary's perceptions and behavior. This might, for example, involve disabling military and civilian telecommunication systems through computer viruses or electromagnetic pulse devices. Infiltration is, however, the "maneuver of choice" since an enemy, unaware that his information sources have been compromised, will continue to trust them, creating opportunities for deception. Offensive IW also emphasizes the use of direct broadcast satellites, the commercial media, and "visual stimulus and illusion" technologies such as holography to conduct propaganda and subversion.

Front 43

What does Defensive Information Warfare entail?

Back 43

Defensive Information Warfare (IW) requires an ability to detect and thwart attempts to tamper with one's own sources of information. In the military sphere, this entails assuring the integrity of command and control, communications, and intelligence systems. Critical elements of the civilian infrastructure such as power grids, financial networks, and telecommunications systems must also be protected.

Front 44

What is the American information infrastructure vulnerable to?

Back 44

The American information infrastructure, which the US defense communications depends, is highly vulnerable to infiltration and sabotage.

Front 45

Identify the nine critical issue areas of an infrastructure?

Back 45

Fragmentation of responsibility, technology, architectural framework, people, facilities, data bases, network control, threat and risk, and security on a global infrastructure.

Front 46

What are the three keys to protecting the nations information infastructure?

Back 46

The key to protecting the nation's information infrastructure is to provide the ability to protect the system from attack; detect an event when it is occuring and be able to decide if it is an attack, a failure mode, or an isolated hacker; and react to the event in a way that minimizes the impact and restores and maintains capability. Protect! Detect! React!

Front 47

How does MOOTW support National Security?

Back 47

MOOTW focuses on deterring war, resolving conflict, promoting peace, and supporting civil authorities in response to domestic crisis.

Front 48

What does Combact Operations of MOOTW include?

Back 48

Typically, MOOTW involves combat operations entailing protection of shipping, enforcement of exclusion zones, counter air interdiction and attack. MOOTW involving combat, such as peace enforcement, may have many of the same characteristics of war, including active combat operations and employment of most combat capabilities.

Front 49

What is the goal of MOOTW during Noncombat?

Back 49

As in war, the goal is to achieve national objectives as quickly as possible and conclude military operations on terms favorable to the United States and its allies. However, the purposes of conducting MOOTW may be multiple, with the relative importance or hierarchy of such purposes changing or unclear.

Front 50

When is overlapping operations of MOOTW prevalent?

Back 50

Overlapping operations of MOOTW is demonstrated when combat MOOTW and noncombat MOOTW is conducted simultaneously.