Ccna Exam Icnd1

Front 1

Local unicast addresses are defined by:

Back 1

A. They are identified by the prefix FC00::/7

B. They are routable in your private network.

Front 2

When you enable the passive interface feature on a router interface that is running RIPv2:

Back 2

It suppresses the sending of routing updates out the interface

Front 3

Full-duplex Ethernet

Back 3

uses dedicated point-to-point connections and separate circuits for sending and receiving data, so there can be no collisions. Beacuse it is collision free, it can use 100% of the available bandwidth for data transmission.

Front 4

Devices with collision detection turned on operate in:

Back 4

Half-Duplex Mode

Front 5

6-to-4 tunneling has the following characteristics:

Back 5

a. Tunnel endpoints are configured on routers. b. Routers are dual stack routers to allow the the routers to tunnel IPv6 packets over the IPv4 network.

c. Works through NAT.

d. Tunnel endpoints are automawtically configured, and IPv6 addresses are automatically assigned.

e. Host computers run IPv6 only.

Front 6

The only solution that allows IPv4 hosts to communicate with the IPv6 server without running IPv6 on the client systems is:

Back 6

Network Address Translation-Protocol Translation (NAT-PT)

Front 7

NAT-PT

Back 7

converts the IPv6 packet header into an IPv4 packet header, and vice versa. A translation table is referenced by the device as it converts the headers to ensure the packet is sent to the correct host.

Front 8

dual stack client

Back 8

a host that runs both IPv4 and IPv6

Front 9

Teredo, 6-to-4, and Intra-site Automatic Tunnel Addressing Protocol (ISATAP) are all:

Back 9

tunneling protocols that allow an IPv6 host to communicate with another IPv6 host through an IPv4 network

Front 10

OSPF is

Back 10

a classless link-state routing protocol.

Front 11

RIPv1 and IGRP are

Back 11

classful distance vector routing protocols

Front 12

EIGRP is

Back 12

a hybrid protocol that supports classless addressing

Front 13

FE80::/10

Back 13

link-local prefix

Front 14

FF00::/8

Back 14

multiast prefix

Front 15

FC00::/7

Back 15

unique local prefix

Front 16

2000::/3

Back 16

an outdated prefix for global unicast addresses. In the future, global unicast addresses do not need to follow this standard.

Front 17

2001:0DB8::/32

Back 17

a prefix reserved for documentation purposes. This prefix is guaranteed not to be used as a global unique address.

Front 20

What command would you use to view debug output from a Telnet session?

Back 20

You must use the "terminal monitor" command to view debug output from a Telnet session. Debug ouput is sent to the console screen by default.

Front 21

Functions of the MAC sublayer in the OSI model include:

Back 21

a. Defining a unique hardware address for each device on the network

b. Letting devices on the network have access to the LAN.

Front 22

The default switchport configuration parameters for a 2960 switch are:

Back 22

a. Violation action is set to shutdown

b. a maximum of 1 MAC address per port is allowed.

Front 23

Which trunking method does the 2950 switch support?

Back 23

Only 802.1Q trunking

Front 24

IEEE 802.1Q

Back 24

a networking standard that supports virtual LANs (VLANs) on an Ethernet network. The standard defines a system of VLAN tagging for Ethernet frames and the accompanying procedures to be used by bridges and switches in handling such frames

Front 25

To determine valid subnet addresses, complete the following steps:

Back 25

a. Convert the custom subnet mask value to binary (240 = 11110000)

b. Select the rightmost masked bit (10000)

c. Convert this bit to decimal. This is the increment value (16)

d. Add the increment value to the network address, up to the subnet mask value. For example with a network address of 133.233.11.0 and mask of 255.255.255.240, the possible subnet addresses are: 1, 16, 32, 48, 64, 80, 96, 112, 128, 144, 160, 176, 192, 208, 224, and 240.

Front 26

The "ip route" command requires the following parameters:

Back 26

a. Subnet/Network address of the remote network.

b. Subnet mask of the remote network.

c. The interface on the local router used to reach the remote network or the IP address of the next hop router.

Front 27

ST connector

Back 27

uses a bayonet-type connector.

Front 28

SC connector

Back 28

uses a separate push-on, pull-off connector with a locking tab for each wire.

Front 29

LC connector

Back 29

half the size of the other fiber optic connectors

Front 30

MT-RJ connector

Back 30

uses metal guide pins to ensure proper alignment

Front 31

Fiber optic cable are used to support distances over

Back 31

100 meters

Front 32

When you enable port security on an interface that is also configure with a voice VLAN you must set the maximum allowed secure addresses on the port to:

Back 32

two plus the maximum number of secure addresses allows on the access VLAN.

Front 33

What command is used to enable port security?

Back 33

switchport port-security

Front 34

Cisco Express Forwarding (CEF)

Back 34

an advanced layer 3 switching technology used mainly in large core networks or the Internet to enhance the overall network performance

Front 35

CEF is mainly used to:

Back 35

increase packet switching speed by reducing the overhead and delays introduced by other routing techniques. CEF consists of two key components: The Forwarding Information Base (FIB) and adjacencies

Front 36

Both cisco express forwarding and fast switching cache:

Back 36

frequently-used data link headers, allowing them to be copied instead of reconstructed from scratch every time a packet is forwarded.

Front 37

Store and forward processing

Back 37

data link layer process used in cisco switches that requires the switch to fuller buffer frames before forwarding them.

While the frame is in the switch's buffer, it calculates the CRC to check the frame for errors

Front 38

fragment free processing

Back 38

a data link layer process used in cisco switches that optimizes frame processing by waiting until the first 64 bytes of the frame have been received before forwarding the fram to the destination device.

Front 39

Command to encrypt the CHAP password in the configuration file:

Back 39

service password-encryption

Front 40

used to encrypt the password used to enter Privileged exec mode.

Back 40

enable secret 'password'

Front 41

switchport mode dynamic

Back 41

configure the port to automatically detect the trunking state using a trunking protocol.

Front 42

dynamic desirable mode

Back 42

set a preference for the port to be a trunk port.

Front 43

When Converting a MAC address into an IPv6 EUI-64 interface identifier

Back 43

add FFFE to the middle of the MAC address and invert the 7th bit from the left.

Front 44

The command that can be used to verify the size of the IOS image is

Back 44

show flash

Front 45

The output of the show interfaces command shows:

Back 45

a. The VLANs allowed on the trunk

b. The encapsulation method used for the trunk c. The interfaces that are trunks

d. The Native VLAN for the trunk

e. The administrative mode used to form the trunk

Front 46

To identify Iv4 addresses that will be in the DHCP pool use:

Back 46

the 'network' command

Front 47

The native VLAN

Back 47

a. must match on both ends of a trunk link

b. it is VLAN 1 by default

c. it is only available with dot1q encapsulation

Front 48

To see what addresses have been handed out by your router acting as a DHCP server, use the:

Back 48

"show ip dhcp bondings" command.

Front 49

When considering implementing VLANs, consider the following:

Back 49

a. VLAN 1 is the default VLAN

b. The maximum number of VLANs is switch dependent

c. The Native VLAN should be changed

Front 50

Administrative distance

Back 50

is used by routers to find out which route is better (lower number is better).

Front 51

Administrative distance for Direct Connection

Back 51

0

Front 52

Administrative distance for static route

Back 52

1

Front 53

Administrative distance for internal EIGRP

Back 53

90

Front 54

Administrative distance for OSPF

Back 54

110

Front 55

Administrative distance for RIP

Back 55

120

Front 56

Administrative distance for external EIGRP

Back 56

170

Front 57

Administrative distance for unknown

Back 57

255

Front 58

Metric is a measure used to:

Back 58

decide which route is better (lower number is better). Each routing protocol uses its own metric. For example, RIP uses hop counts as a metric, while OSPF uses cost.

Front 59

The "show IP nat translations" command will show the following information:

Back 59

a. The public IPv4 address that a private IPv4 address was translated to

b. The private IPv4 address that was translated.

c. The public IPv4 address that the translated packet is destined to

Front 60

When an ACL has been applied to a router interface:

Back 60

a. Inbound ACLs will be processed before the routing table lookup occurs

b. Outbound ACLs will be processed after the routing table lookup has occured

Front 61

Where is the Cisco IOS image booted to?

Back 61

RAM

Front 62

To create a backup copy of your Cisco IOS image and save it to tftp you would use:

Back 62

Copy flash tftp

Front 63

a command in the line cty configuration mode that is needed while configuring SSH to inform the cisco router that authentication needs to be performed using usernames and passwords stored locally on the router.

Back 63

login local

Front 64

Port Address Translation (PAT)

Back 64

is an extension to network address translation (NAT) that permits multiple devices on a local area network (LAN) to be mapped to a single public IP address. The goal of PAT is to conserve IP addresses.

PAT uses a combination of an IP address and a port number.

Front 65

By default, the status of a cisco IOS ISR interface is

Back 65

Administratively down, down

Front 66

License boot module

Back 66

used to disable the current technology package for a license

Front 67

The Cisco IOS image is located in

Back 67

Flash

Front 68

License install

Back 68

used to install a permanent license on a router.

Front 69

To prevent your router from receiving and processing RIPv2 updates:

Back 69

create an ACL denying UDP port 520 packets and apply it on the inbound interface

Front 70

Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)

Back 70

a routing protocol for Internet Protocol (IP) networks. It uses a link state routing (LSR) algorithm and falls into the group of interior routing protocols, operating within a single autonomous system (AS). It is defined as OSPF Version 2 for IPv4. The updates for IPv6 are specified as OSPF Version 3

Front 71

Application

Back 71

Responsible for initiating or services the request.

Front 72

Presentation

Back 72

Formats the information so that it is understood by the receiving system.

Front 73

Session

Back 73

Responsible for establishing, managing, and terminating the session.

Front 74

Transport

Back 74

Breaks information into segments and is responsible for connection and connectionless communication.

Front 75

Network

Back 75

Responsible for logical addressing and routing

Front 76

Data Link

Back 76

Responsible for physical addressing, error correction, and preparing the information for the media

Front 77

Physical

Back 77

Deals with the electrical signal.

Front 78

ROM

Back 78

Read-Only Memory (ROM) on a Cisco device is like the ROM on a computer in the sense that it stores the POST and the boot loader program. The boot loader program is responsible for locating the IOS.

Front 79

Flash

Back 79

The flash memory is used to store the Cisco IOS.

Front 80

RAM

Back 80

RAM is used to store things like the routing table on a router, or the MAC address table on a switch. It is also used to store the running-config. RAM is also known as volatile RAM, or VRAM.

Front 81

NVRAM

Back 81

Non-volatile RAM (NVRAM) is used to store the startup-config, which is copied to the running-config on bootup after the IOS is loaded.

Front 82

POST:

Back 82

he first thing that occurs when a Cisco device boots up is the POST routine, which is responsible for performing a self diagnostic to verify everything is functioning on the router or switch.

Front 83

Locate IOS

Back 83

fter the POST, the bootloader program, which is stored in ROM, locates the IOS in flash memory and loads it into RAM.

Front 84

Startup-config applied:

Back 84

After the IOS is loaded into memory, the bootloader program then locates the startup-config and applies it to the device.

Front 85

User Exec:

Back 85

When you connect to a Cisco device, the default configuration mode is user exec mode. With user exec mode, you can view the settings on the device but not make any changes. You know you are in user exec mode because the IOS prompt displays a “>”.

Front 86

Priv Exec:

Back 86

In order to make changes to the device, you must navigate to priv exec mode, where you may be required to input a password. Priv exec mode displays with a “#” in the prompt.

Front 87

Global Config:

Back 87

Global configuration mode is where you go to make global changes to the router, such as the hostname. To navigate to global configuration mode from priv exec mode, you type config term, where you will be placed at the “(config)#” prompt.

Front 88

Sub Prompts:

Back 88

You can navigate to a number of different sub prompts from global configuration, such as the interface prompts to modify settings on a specific interface and the line prompts to modify the different ports on the device.

Front 89

These commands are used to create an enable password and an enable secret.

Back 89

R1>enableR1#config term

R1(config)#enable password mypass

R1(config)#enable secret mysecret

Front 90

These commands are used to create a console password on the console port.

Back 90

R1>enableR1#config term

R1(config)#line con 0

R1(config-line)#password conpass

R1(config-line)#login

Front 91

These commands are used to create an auxiliary port password on the router.

Back 91

R1>enableR1#config term

R1(config)#line aux 0

R1(config-line)#password auxpass

R1(config-line)#login

Front 92

These commands are used to create a password for telnet connections that are made to the device.

Back 92

R1>enableR1#config term

R1(config)#line vty 0 15

R1(config-line)#password vtypass

R1(config-line)#login

Front 93

This command creates a message-of-the-day banner, which displays before someone logs in. This is used to give legal notice that unauthorized access is prohibited.

Back 93

R1(config)#banner motd

#Enter TEXT message. End with the character ‘#‘.

This device is for authorized personnel only. Please disconnect at once if you have not been given permission to access this device#

R1(config)#

Front 94

The following commands are used to configure the name of the router with the hostname command:

Back 94

Router>enable

Router#config term

Router(config)#hostname R2

Front 95

The following commands are used to configure the FastEthernet port on the router.

Back 95

R2(config)#interface f0/0

R2(config-if)#ip address 25.0.0.1 255.0.0.0R2(config-if)#description Private LAN

R2(config-if)#speed 100

R2(config-if)#duplex full

R2(config-if)#no shutdown

Front 96

The following commands are used to configure the Serial port on the router.

Back 96

R1>enable

R1#config term

R1(config)#interface serial 0/0

R1(config-if)#ip address 24.0.0.1 255.0.0.0R1(config-if)#encapsulation hdlc

R1(config-if)#clock rate 64000 (only set for DCE device)

R1(config-if)#no shutdown

Front 97

after an interface has been configured, what command is used to enable the port?

Back 97

No shutdown

Front 98

The following commands configure the hostname table on a router and display the entries in the hostname table:

Back 98

NY-R1>enable

NY-R1#config term

NY-R1(config)#ip host BOS-R1 24.0.0.2

Front 99

The following commands enable DNS lookups and specify the DNS server

Back 99

NY-R1>enableNY-R1#config term

NY-R1(config)#ip domain-lookup

NY-R1(config)#ip name-server x.x.x.x

NY-R1(config)#ip domain-name domain.com

Front 100

The following commands configure your router as a DHCP server by setting an address pool (range of addresses to give out) and setting up excluded addresses that are not to be given out.

Back 100

NY-R1(config)#ip dhcp pool NY_Network

NY-R1(dhcp-config)#network 23.0.0.0 255.0.0.0

NY-R1(dhcp-config)#default-router 23.0.0.1

NY-R1(dhcp-config)#dns-server 23.0.0.200

NY-R1(dhcp-config)#lease 7 0 0

NY-R1(dhcp-config)#exit

NY-R1(config)#ip dhcp excluded-address 23.0.0.1 23.0.0.15

Front 101

Switch#show mac-address-table

Back 101

Used to display the MAC address table on the switch.

Front 102

Switch(config-if)#shutdown

Back 102

Disables the port.

Front 103

show port-security address

Back 103

Show the MAC addresses that have been configured for eachport.

Front 104

show port-security interface f0/6

Back 104

Show the configuration of port security on port 6

Front 105

Display a list of VLANs.

Back 105

Switch#show vlan

Front 106

Displays the running configuration stored in VRAM.

Back 106

show running-config

Front 107

Displays the startup configuration stored in NVRAM.

Back 107

show startup-config

Front 108

Shows a summary of the interfaces and their status

Back 108

show ip interface brief

Front 109

Displays detailed information about each interface

Back 109

show interfaces

Front 110

Displays detailed information about a specific interface.

Back 110

show interface serial 0/0

Front 111

Displays the routing table.

Back 111

show ip route

Front 112

Displays the host name table.

Back 112

show hosts

Front 113

Displays whether the serial interface is a DCE or DTEdevice.

Back 113

show controller serial0/1

Front 114

Displays what routing protocols are loaded.

Back 114

show ip protocols

Front 115

Displays basic information about neighboring devices such asname, type of device, and model.

Back 115

show cdp neighbors

Front 116

Displays detailed information about neighboring devices such asname, type of device, model, and IP address.

Back 116

show cdp neighbors detail

Front 117

Rollover cable:

Back 117

A rollover cable is also known as a console cable and gets the name rollover because the order of the wires from one end of the cable to the other are totally reversed, or rolled over. The rollover/console cable is used to connect a computer to the console port or auxiliary port of the router for administration purposes.

Front 118

Back-to-back serial cable

Back 118

The back-to-back serial cable is used to connect two Cisco routers directly together over a serial link. A back-to-back serial link will have one router act as the DCE device with the clock rate set and the other router act as the DTE device.

Front 119

Straight-through cable:

Back 119

A straight-through cable is used to connect dissimilar devices together. Scenarios that use straight-through cables are computer-to-switch and switch-to-router.

Front 120

Crossover cable:

Back 120

A crossover cable has wires 1 and 2 switch positions with wires 3 and 6 on one end and is used to connect similar devices together. Scenarios that use crossover cables are computer-to-computer, switch-to-switch, and computer-to-router (they are both hosts).

Front 121

Coaxial cable

Back 121

A network cable type used in old Ethernet environments, such as 10Base2 and 10Base5. Coaxial cable is seen in high-speed Internet connections with cable companies today.

Front 122

Fiber optic cable:

Back 122

A unique cable type that has a glass core which carries pulses of light as opposed to copper cable carrying electrical signals (coax and twisted pair cabling).

Front 123

Enables routing on the router. Should be on by default.

Back 123

ip routing

Front 124

Disables routing on the router.

Back 124

no ip routing

Front 125

Displays the routing table.

Back 125

show ip route

Front 126

Adds a static route to the router for the 23.0.0.0 network andsends any data for that network to the 22.0.0.2 address (nexthop)

Back 126

ip route 23.0.0.0 255.0.0.022.0.0.2

Front 127

Deletes the static route from the routing table.

Back 127

no ip route 23.0.0.0 255.0.0.022.0.0.2

Front 128

Sets the gateway of last resort on the router to forward anypackets with unknown destinations to the 22.0.0.2 address.

Back 128

ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.022.0.0.2

Front 129

Display what routing protocols are running on the router.

Back 129

show ip protocols

Front 130

Enable RIP debugging, which will display RIP related messageson the screen as RIP-related events occur (packets are sent andreceived)

Back 130

debug ip rip

Front 131

Turns off debugging once you are done troubleshooting RIP.

Back 131

no debug all

Front 132

Creates the wireless standards, such as 802.11a/b/g/n

Back 132

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)

Front 133

Regulates the use of wireless devices (licenses of frequencies)

Back 133

Federal Communications Commission (FCC)

Front 134

WiFi-Alliance

Back 134

Ensures compatibility of wireless components. The WiFi-Alliance is responsible for testing and certification of wireless devices.

Front 135

No wireless access point is used. The wireless clients communicate in a peer-to-peer environment.

Back 135

Ad hoc mode

Front 136

802.11a

Back 136

A wireless standard that uses the 5 GHz frequency range and runs at 54 Mbps.

Front 137

802.11b

Back 137

A wireless standard that uses the 2.4 GHz frequency range and runs at 11 Mbps. The WiFi standard was created and 802.11b is part of that standard. This is the frequency used by cordless phones and microwaves, so you may experience interference from those devices. As a correction, you can change the channel of the wireless network or purchase phones that use a different frequency

Front 138

802.11g

Back 138

A wireless standard, which is compatible with 802.11b, that also uses the 2.4 GHz frequency range and runs at 54 Mbps.

Front 139

802.11n

Back 139

A new wireless standard that can use either the 2.4 GHz frequency range or the 5 GHz frequency range and is compatible with 802.11a/b/g. 802.11n has a transfer rate of approximately 150 Mbps.

Front 140

Basic Service Set (BSS)

Back 140

A wireless network consisting of one access point using an SSID. If you had three access points, each using a different SSID, then this would be three BSS networks.

Front 141

Extended Service Set (ESS)

Back 141

A wireless network comprising multiple access points using the same SSID.

Front 142

the configuration requirements to set up an ESS:

Back 142

a. The SSID on each access point must be the same.

b. The range of the access points must overlap by 10% or more.

c. Each access point must use a different channel.

Front 143

Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP)

Back 143

An old wireless encryption protocol that involves configuring a pre-shared key on the access point and the wireless client that is used to encrypt and decrypt data. WEP uses the RC4 encryption algorithm with the pre-shared key and is not considered secure due to the way the key is used. WEP supports 64-bit and 128-bit encryption.

Front 144

WiFi Protected Access (WPA)

Back 144

The improvement on WEP that adds the TKIP protocol in order to perform key rotation to help improve on the fact that WEP uses a static key. WPA has two modes: personal modeinvolves configuring a pre-shared key, and enterprise mode can use an authentication server such as RADIUS.

Front 145

WiFi Protected Access 2 (WPA2)

Back 145

Improves upon WPA by changing the encryption algorithm to the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) and supports both personal mode and enterprise mode.

Front 146

Internet Group Membership Protocol (IGMP)

Back 146

A protocol for defining host groups. All group members can receive broadcast messages intended for the group (called multicasts)

Front 147

Simple Network Management Protocol

Back 147

A protocol designed for managing complex networks. SNMP lets network hosts exchange configuration and status information. This information can be gathered by management software and can be used to monitor and manage the network.

Front 148

What is data called at the Network layer?

Back 148

Packets

Front 149

What is data called at the Physical layer?

Back 149

Bits

Front 150

What is data called at the Transport layer?

Back 150

Segments

Front 151

What is data called at the Data Link layer?

Back 151

Frames