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87 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name the 7 Layers of the OSI model. |
7. Application 6. Presentation 5. Session 4. Transport 3. Networking 2. Data Link 1. Physical Please do not throw away sausage pizza! |
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Name the 4 Layers of the TCP/IP Model. |
4. Application 3. Transport 2. Internet 1. Network Interface Not in this ass! |
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Which parts of the OSI model correspond with the TCP/IP model? |
OSI TCP/IP Application Presentation Application Session Transport Transport Network Internet Datalink Network Interface Physical |
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What is the function of the physical layer? |
Defines the electrical and physical specifications. |
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What is the function of the Data Link layer? |
1. Detects and corrects errors found at the physical layer. 2. Defines the layer 2 protocols to establish and terminate connections between two physically connected devices. |
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What is the function of the Network layer? |
Provides for logical network addressing. ARP is used to resolve Layer 3 network IP addresses to Layer 2 Ethernet addresses on LANs. |
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What is the function of the Transport layer? |
1. Controls the reliability of communications through flow control mechanisms. TCP/UDP^^^ |
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What is the function of the Session layer? |
Controls the logical connections between two systems. Establishes, manages, and terminates connections. |
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What is the function of the Presentation layer? |
Ensures that network formats are converted in such a way that the application layer can understand them. (Checks the syntax) |
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What is the function of the Application layer? |
Provides services for the end user application so that communication with another application across the network is effective. |
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What is a PDU? |
Protocol Data Unit The data and header information built in the first 4 layers of the OSI model. |
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Name the 4 parts of a PDU while correlating them with the OSI Model. |
PDU OSI Segments Transport Packets Network Frames Data Link Bits Physical Butt Fart Poop Shite |
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What protocol is used for a host to discover the L2 address of the next device in the path towards a remote destination? |
ARP |
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Name 4 characteristics of UDP. |
1. UDP is connectionless 2. UDP has low overhead. 3. Often used in voice and video stuff. 4. Can multiplex using port numbers to work with multiple applications. |
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Name 4 characteristics of TCP. |
1. TCP is connection oriented. 2. TCP has more overhead than UDP 3. TCP uses features like flow control, sequencing, and acknowledgements to ensure reliable and ordered delivery of segments. 4. Can multiplex using port numbers to work with multiple applications. |
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What layer does TCP and UDP operate? |
Layer 4, Transport |
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Name the port and transport protocol: FTP Data |
TCP/20 |
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Name the port and transport protocol: FTP Control |
TCP/21
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Name the port and transport protocol: SSH |
TCP/22
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Name the port and transport protocol: Telnet |
TCP/23
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Name the port and transport protocol: SMTP |
TCP/25
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Name the port and transport protocol: DNS |
UDP/53
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Name the port and transport protocol: DHCP |
UDP/67, 68
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Name the port and transport protocol: TFTP |
UDP/69
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Name the port and transport protocol: HTTP |
TCP/80
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Name the port and transport protocol: SSL/TLS |
TCP/443
Also used for HTTPS |
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Name the port and transport protocol: POP3 |
TCP/110
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Name the port and transport protocol: SNMP |
UDP/161
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Name the port and transport protocol: Syslog |
UDP/514
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Name the port and transport protocol: RIP |
UDP/520
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What does CSMA/CA (wireless) stand for? |
Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Avoidance |
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Wireless LAN controllers from Cisco are capable of: |
1. Configuration of wireless policy, management, or security 2. Faster response to business needs by centrally managing wireless networks. 3. Standardizing access point configuration 4. Wireless intrusion prevention system 5. Network wide QoS 6. Same stuff for IPv6 and dual-stack clients |
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Ethernet LANs, when operating in a half-duplex, rely on what technology in order to deal with collisions? |
CSMA/CD |
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What is cloud services? |
1. Services on demand 2. Dynamic scaling (elasticity) 3. Rely on pooled resources 4. Wide variety on network access options 5. Use of services easily measured for billing |
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What does IaaS stand for? |
Infrastructure as a service |
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What does IaaS provide? |
The cloud provider makes available to the client hardware and software infrastructure components. It also maintenance, backup, and resiliency. |
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Name some network functions that are moving to the cloud. |
Firewalls Routers Switches DNS Services |
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Name the three tiers of architecture. |
Core Distribution Access |
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Tiers of Architecture What is the Access layer? |
Provides network access for the workgroup/user. Also known as the workstation layer. |
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Tiers of Architecture What is theDistribution Layer? |
Provides policy-based connectivity and controls the boundary between access and core layers. |
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Tiers of Architecture What is the Core Layer? |
Provides fast transport between distribution switches within the enterprise campus. Also called the backbone layer. |
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What exists at the Access Layer? |
Layer 2 Switching Port Security QoS classification marking and trust boundaries ARP Virtual Access Control Lists Spanning Tree PoE Aux VLANS for VOIP |
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What exists in the Distribution Layer? |
Aggregation of LAN and WAN links Policy based filtering (ACLs) Routing services between LANs and WANs Load Balancing Broadcast domain control |
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What exists at the Core layer? |
High Speed switching Reliability and fault tolerance |
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What does collapsed core architecture eliminate? Where does it go? |
Eliminates the distribution layer Goes to the Core layer |
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What is the formula for the number of connections in a full mesh? |
n(n-1)/2 |
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What command shows you the type and health of your cables? |
show controllers |
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What is the first octet range for Class D and what is it used for?
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224-239 Multicast
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If I borrowed 5 bits for subnetting, how many subnets can I create? |
Formula 2^s
32 |
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Define Unicast transmissions
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Sending a signal to only one other machine. |
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Define Broadcast transmissions |
Sending a signal to all members of the network |
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Define Multicast transmissions |
Creates the ability to send traffic to all the hosts that are listening for it. |
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What is the private address range for Class A? |
10.0.0.0-10.255.255.255 |
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What is the private address space for Class B? |
172.16.0.0-172.31.255.255 |
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What is the private address space for class C? |
192.168.0.0-192.168.255.255 |
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What is the size of the Source Address in an IPv6 header?
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16 bytes |
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What is the size of the Destination Address in an IPv6 header? |
16 bytes |
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What is the typical network portion of an IPv6 global unicast address? |
64 bits |
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What two rules can you use to shorten IPv6 address? |
Trim all leading zeroes in a section Use :: once in an address |
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What is the term to run IPv4 and IPv6 on the same interface? |
dual stack |
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Command to configure IPv6 address on an interface with a 64 bit mask? 2001:aaaa:bbbb::1 |
ipv6 address 2001:aaaa:bbbb::1/64 |
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Which method uses the interface hardware address as part of the IPv6 Layer 3 host address? |
Modified EUI-64 |
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Name the global configuration command that will permit your router to run IPv6 related routing protocols; such as EIGRP for IPv6 and OSPF version 3. |
ipv6 unicast-routing |
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Define the Modified EUI-64 feature. |
It allows your IPv6 addressing to be generated based off of the MAC address for your physical interfaces. |
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Name two commands to verify your IPv6 interface address. |
show ipv6 interface brief show ipv6 interface |
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Define IPv6 Global Unicast |
The unique IPv6 address that may be used on the public internet. |
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Define IPv6 Unique Local |
Similar to RFC-1918 space. Not routable over the internet. Unique Local address: FD00::/8 |
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Define IPv6 Link Local |
Addresses that only function on a local link. Example: Two devices plugged into each other. Link Local address: FE80::/10 |
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Define IPv6 multicast |
Same as IPv4. Packets are sent to multiple devices interested in receiving the packet. IPv6 Multicast address: FF02::1 |
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Define IPv6 autoconfiguration |
Refers to an IPv6 address achieved through the SLAAC process. (Stateless address auto configuration) |
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Define IPv6 AnyCast |
Allows you to configure the same IPv6 address on multiple devices. When information is sent to that IP address, it ends at the "closest" device. |
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What is the default timer for MAC aging on a Cisco Switch?
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300 seconds |
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What is the minimum and maximum setting for MAC aging? |
0 seconds 1,000,000 seconds You can set it to Disabled as well. |
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Define Store-and-Forward switching. |
The LAN switch copies each complete frame into switch memory buffers and computes a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) for errors before forwarding the frame. |
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Define Cut-Through switching. |
As soon as the LAN switch copies the destination MAC into memory, it looks at the MAC table to determine the correct port to use, and forwards the frame to the designated port. |
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Define Fragment-Free switching. |
Works like Cut-Through switching, but instead stores the first 64 bytes before forwarding the frame to the correct port. |
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When does frame flooding happen? |
Frame flooding happens when the destination MAC is not in the MAC table. The switch sends the frame out every port (on the same VLAN) in the hope that the specified destination MAC is found. Also happens when destination MAC is the broadcast address. |
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How do you look at the MAC address table? |
show mac address-table |
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In a frame, what are the fields before the Data and Pad known as?
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The header |
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In a frame, what is the field after the Data and Pad known as? |
The trailer. |
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What is the Preamble in a data frame? |
It is 7 bytes of alternating 1's and 0's and allows networks to synchronize their receiver clocks. |
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What is the SFD in a data frame? |
It is 1 byte long. It marks the end of the Preamble, and the beginning of the Ethernet Frame. Start Frame Delimiter |
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Describe the Dest MAC in the Ethernet frame. |
It is 6 bytes in length and it stores the destination MAC for the frame. |
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Describe the source MAC in a frame. |
It is 6 bytes in length and stores the source MAC for the frame. |
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Describe the Data and Pad part of the Ethernet frame. |
It ranges from 46-15000 bytes. Padding allows the frame to meet minimum frame sizes. Data is the info from the higher level stuff in the OSI model. ie. Application data |
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Describe the FCS in a data frame. |
Frame Check Sequence 4 bytes in length Shows whether or not the frame had transmission errors while traversing through the network. |
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Describe Type in the data frame.
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The type field is 2 bits in length and identifies the protocol being used. IPv6 or IPv4 |
