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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the pathogen that causes staphylococcal diseases?
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Staphylococcus aureus
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What may develop if skin lesions extend or are widespread?
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Fever, malaise, headache, anorexia
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S. Aureus is usually resistant to what?
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Penicilllin G
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What is a common cause of UTI in young women?
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S. saprophyticus
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Where is the highest incidence of staphylococcal disease?
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Where hygiene conditions are suboptimal and people are crowded
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Who is the reservoir?
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humans
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Where is a major site of SD colonization?
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Anterior nares
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What is the most common source of epidemic spread?
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Draining lesion or purulent discharge
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What is the most important transmission instrument?
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Hands; airborne spread is rare
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What is the incubation period of staphylococcal diseases?
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Variable and indefinite
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Susceptibility is greatest among what populations?
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Newborn and chronically ill
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What can be used on staphylococcal skin infections?
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Topical antimicrobial (i.e. mupirocin, qid)
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What should be used for severe staphylococcal infections?
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penicillinase-resistant penicillin
cephalosporin or macrolide for those with hypersensitivity vancomycin if caused by coagulase-negative staphylococci |
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How is S identified in newborns?
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Impetigo / pustulosis / other purulent skin manifestations
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Where does S in newborns mostly occur?
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Hospitals with lax aseptic techniues
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What is the main transmission method of S in newborns?
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Hands of hostpital personnel; Rarely airborne
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What is the incubation period of S in newborns?
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4-10 days; but disease may not occur for several months
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How do S disease manifest on hospital medical and surgical wards?
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Furuncles / stitch abscesses / infected bedsores / surgical wounds
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What is a constant threat to the convalescence of a hospitalized patient?
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Postoperative staphylococcal disease
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Resistance to penicillin occurs in what percent of strains?
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95%
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How often must the site of IV needle infusions be changed?
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every 48 hours
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TSS is characterized by what?
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Hi fever
vomit diarrhea mylagia hypotension shock |
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Do blood, throat, and CSF show signs of pathogens?
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No
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These strains are recovered from women with ____ associated TSS or in those with TSS after _____ _____.
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menstrually
gynaecological surgery |
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Almost all early cases of TSS occur in women in what?
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Menstruation, most with vaginal tampon use.
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How can TSS be prevented?
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Avoid use of highly absorbent vaginal tampons or
Use tampons intermittently |
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What is treatment for TSS?
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Supportive
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S occurs commonly in which locations?
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Gym, dorm, MTF
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