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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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An Acute bacterial infection localized in the genital area and characterized clinically by single or multiple painful, necrotizing ulcers at site of infection, frequently accompanied by painful swelling and suppuration or regional lymph nodes is know as?
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Chancroid
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Chancroid ulcers, like other genital ulcers are associated with an increased risk of what?
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HIV infection
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Diagnosis of a Chancroid ulcer is done by what methods?
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Isolation of the organism from lesion exudate on a selective medium incorporating vancomycin into chocolate, rabbit or horse blood agar enriched with fetal calf serum.
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What infectious agent is the cause of Chancroid ulcers?
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Haemophilus dureyc, the Ducrey bacillus
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Chancroid ulcers are most prevalent where?
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In tropical and subtropical regions, where incidence may be higher than that of syphilis. Most often diagnosed in men.
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What is the reservoir for chancroid ulcers?
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Humans
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What is the mode of transmission for chancroid ulcers?
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Direct sexual contact with discharges from open lesions and pus from buboes
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What must be considered when Chancroid ulcers are found in children beyond neonatal period?
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Sexual abuse
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How long is the incubation period for chancroid ulcers?
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3-5 days, up to 14 days
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How long is the period of communicability for chancroid ulcers?
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Until healed and as long as infectious agents persist in the original lesion or discharge regional lymph nodes
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An acute bacterial enteric disease characterized in its severe from by sudden onset, profuse painless watery stools, nausea, and profuse vomiting early in the course of illness is know as?
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Cholera
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Diagnosis of Cholera is confirmed by isolating Vibrio cholera of the serogroup O1 or O139 from what kind of sample?
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Feces
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In cases where laboratory facilities are not nearby or immediately available what kind of transport medium can be used to transport or store fecal or rectal swabs?
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Cary Blair Transport medium
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What two serogroups of vibrio cholera are associated with the epidemiological characteristics and clinical picture of cholera?
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O1 and O139
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Which of the serogroups is currently confined to South East Asia?
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O139
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Epidemics of Cholera are strongly linked to what four factors?
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1) consumption of unsafe water
2) Poor hygiene 3) Poor sanitation 4) Crowded living conditions |
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The main reservoir for Cholera is what?
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Humans, however some environmental reservoirs do exist.
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What is the main mode of transmission for Cholera?
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Ingestion of an infective dose of contaminated food or water
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What is the incubation period for Cholera?
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A few hours to 5 days, usually 2-3days
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How long is the period of communicability for Cholera?
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As long as stools are positive. can persist for several months.
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What is the cornerstone of cholera treatment?
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Timely and adequate rehydration
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Cholera patients who are severely dehydrated or in shock should be given what type of treatment?
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Rapid IV rehydration w/a balance multielectrolyte solution
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Food should be reheated to what temperature to help avoid the spread of Cholera?
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70 degrees C or 158 degrees F for at least 15 min
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